A rotating fuel injector assembly for a vehicle engine includes a base, an internal tip, an intermediate coaxial tip, and an external coaxial tip. The internal tip may be configured to move between an extended closed position and a retracted open position relative to the base. The intermediate coaxial tip may include an opening defined in a base of the intermediate coaxial tip. The base and the opening abuts the internal tip when the internal tip is in the extended closed position. The external coaxial tip may move between an extended open position and a retracted closed position relative to the base. The external coaxial tip includes a plurality of apertures which may align with the at least one opening in the intermediate coaxial tip at a predetermined event.

A gasoline compression ignition engine, a vehicle and a method of operating a gasoline compression ignition engine. An inlet air management system includes a membrane-based separator and an exhaust gas recirculation flowpath that cooperate to deliver a nitrogen enriched air stream to the engine to help reduce exhaust gas emissions. The separator segregates the incoming air into the nitrogen enriched air stream as well as an oxygen enriched air stream such that the latter can be used for various engine load conditions, as well as for supplemental air for a cabin or related passenger compartment within a vehicle that is powered by the engine. Significantly, during an increase in engine load not associated with the cold start and warm-up conditions, the nitrogen enriched air supply that is used for the exhaust gas emissions reduction is provided at least partially by the nitrogen enriched air stream from the separator, as well as increasingly by the nitrogen enriched combustion product stream from the exhaust gas recirculation flowpath.

A gasoline compression ignition engine, a vehicle and a method of operating a gasoline compression ignition engine. An inlet air management system includes a membrane-based separator and an exhaust gas recirculation flowpath that cooperate to deliver a nitrogen enriched air stream to the engine to help reduce exhaust gas emissions. The separator segregates the incoming air into the nitrogen enriched air stream as well as an oxygen enriched air stream such that the latter can be used for various engine load conditions, as well as for supplemental air for a cabin or related passenger compartment within a vehicle that is powered by the engine. Significantly, during an increase in engine load not associated with the cold start and warm-up conditions, the nitrogen enriched air supply that is used for the exhaust gas emissions reduction is provided at least partially by the nitrogen enriched air stream from the separator, as well as increasingly by the nitrogen enriched combustion product stream from the exhaust gas recirculation flowpath.

An internal combustion engine (1) having a regulating device (C) wherein an air-fuel mixture with a combustion air ratio () which is adjustable by the regulating device is burnt in the internal combustion engine, wherein the regulating device (C) has a power output regulating circuit adapted to adapt an actual output (P.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine (1) to a reference power output (P.sup.d.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine (1) by way of an adjustment of the combustion air ratio (), and a NOx emission regulating circuit adapted by way of a functional relationship (2) to actuate actuators influencing a charge pressure as an alternative parameter for the NOx emission by the charge pressure such that a charge pressure reference value (p.sup.d.sub.im) can be set for each reference power output (P.sup.d.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine.

An internal combustion engine (1) having a regulating device (C) wherein an air-fuel mixture with a combustion air ratio () which is adjustable by the regulating device is burnt in the internal combustion engine, wherein the regulating device (C) has a power output regulating circuit adapted to adapt an actual output (P.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine (1) to a reference power output (P.sup.d.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine (1) by way of an adjustment of the combustion air ratio (), and a NOx emission regulating circuit adapted by way of a functional relationship (2) to actuate actuators influencing a charge pressure as an alternative parameter for the NOx emission by the charge pressure such that a charge pressure reference value (p.sup.d.sub.im) can be set for each reference power output (P.sup.d.sub.g) of the internal combustion engine.

A prechamber assembly for a cylinder of a combustion engine is disclosed in which a plurality of ports placing a prechamber volume in fluid communication with the cylinder. A non-actuated, fixed orifice extends between the prechamber volume and a passageway formed in the prechamber assembly to permit combustion gases in the prechamber volume to enter the passageway. The passageway is configured to vent combustion gases therein out of the body. The orifice may reduce NOx emissions produced in the prechamber volume.