A piston engine is provided; the piston engine has a cylinder, a main piston and an auxiliary piston; a combustion chamber is formed between the main piston and the auxiliary piston within the cylinder; the main piston has an crankpin offset L0, the auxiliary piston and the main piston move in different frequencies, an extended constant V≈Vc of the combustion chamber is formed from θ to >10° CA; when at a=θ=arc sin[L0/(L+R)] the main piston is at its top dead center; at a=arc sin(L0/R) the side force on the main piston is 0; when peak pressure of combustion is located at PPmax by choosing ignition timing, the most effective torque can be obtained; the torque is controlled by the amount of fuel injected; engine knocking can be prevented by retarded ignition at a>θ.

A piston engine is provided; the piston engine has a cylinder, a main piston and an auxiliary piston; a combustion chamber is formed between the main piston and the auxiliary piston within the cylinder; the main piston has an crankpin offset L0, the auxiliary piston and the main piston move in different frequencies, an extended constant V≈Vc of the combustion chamber is formed from θ to >10° CA; when at a=θ=arc sin[L0/(L+R)] the main piston is at its top dead center; at a=arc sin(L0/R) the side force on the main piston is 0; when peak pressure of combustion is located at PPmax by choosing ignition timing, the most effective torque can be obtained; the torque is controlled by the amount of fuel injected; engine knocking can be prevented by retarded ignition at a>θ.

A connecting rod assembly has a connecting rod with a large end and a small end, a piston wrist pin, and fasteners to connect the connecting rod to the piston wrist pin and optionally one or more shims in between the connecting rod and piston wrist pin. A notch on the wrist pin allows for the seating of a flat surface on the small end of the connecting rod in the connecting rod assembly. Side walls on both the notch and the small end of the connecting rod limit twist. The connecting rod assembly allows for the adjustment of piston location in a cylinder while limiting connecting rod twist.

An improvement to a rotor is provided adapted to be rotated by at least two linearly moving support bearings linearly driven by an engine that comprises an outer ring provided on a circumference of the rotor; and an inner ring that is concentric to the outer ring. The support bearings are confined to rotate within a restraining path formed between the outer ring and the inner ring. It is also provided an improved engine having at least two traverses linearly actuated that comprises the improvement.

An improvement to a rotor is provided adapted to be rotated by at least two linearly moving support bearings linearly driven by an engine that comprises an outer ring provided on a circumference of the rotor; and an inner ring that is concentric to the outer ring. The support bearings are confined to rotate within a restraining path formed between the outer ring and the inner ring. It is also provided an improved engine having at least two traverses linearly actuated that comprises the improvement.

A linear piston engine includes a housing having a combustion chamber located between opposing first and second piston chambers. A first piston assembly is located within the first piston chamber, and a second piston assembly is located within the second piston chamber. Each piston assembly includes a piston for reciprocating within the piston chamber. The piston is located adjacent to the combustion chamber. Each piston assembly also includes a crankshaft coupled to the piston for guiding the piston through a power stroke and a return stroke, and a linear output member coupled to the piston for providing a linear output motion based on reciprocating motion of the piston.

A linear piston engine includes a housing having a combustion chamber located between opposing first and second piston chambers. A first piston assembly is located within the first piston chamber, and a second piston assembly is located within the second piston chamber. Each piston assembly includes a piston for reciprocating within the piston chamber. The piston is located adjacent to the combustion chamber. Each piston assembly also includes a crankshaft coupled to the piston for guiding the piston through a power stroke and a return stroke, and a linear output member coupled to the piston for providing a linear output motion based on reciprocating motion of the piston.

A hybrid drive system has two sources of driving power: a non-combustion drive system to provide mechanical torque and rotation to a driveshaft, and an opposed-piston, internal combustion engine configured to provide energy for the non-combustion drive system.

A hybrid drive system has two sources of driving power: a non-combustion drive system to provide mechanical torque and rotation to a driveshaft, and an opposed-piston, internal combustion engine configured to provide energy for the non-combustion drive system.

An engine placement configuration for a heavy-duty truck includes a chassis having two spaced-apart frame rails running in a longitudinal direction of the chassis, between front and rear ends, and a front wheel assembly with an axle attached to the frame rails. An opposed-piston engine is supported on the frame rails and positioned between the front end and the axle. The opposed-piston engine includes a cylinder assembly with a longitudinal axis disposed between the frame rails and oriented vertically with respect to the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the opposed-piston engine includes a row of cylinders disposed between the rails and running in the longitudinal direction.