A non-uniform displacement engine control system with different control modes based on a state of charge (SOC) of a battery, the system includes a non-uniform displacement engine including a plurality of cylinders, the cylinders comprising at least two sizes of cylinders having different displacements, a motor connected to a driving shaft of the engine, a battery for supplying electrical energy to the motor, and a motor control device for controlling the motor, wherein the motor control device controls the motor to compensate for a difference in torque due to different displacements of the cylinders such that a sum of engine torque and motor torque in explosion stroke of each cylinder is uniform, and the motor control device has a charge intention mode or a discharge intention mode based on the SOC of the battery.

A non-uniform displacement engine control system with different control modes based on a state of charge (SOC) of a battery, the system includes a non-uniform displacement engine including a plurality of cylinders, the cylinders comprising at least two sizes of cylinders having different displacements, a motor connected to a driving shaft of the engine, a battery for supplying electrical energy to the motor, and a motor control device for controlling the motor, wherein the motor control device controls the motor to compensate for a difference in torque due to different displacements of the cylinders such that a sum of engine torque and motor torque in explosion stroke of each cylinder is uniform, and the motor control device has a charge intention mode or a discharge intention mode based on the SOC of the battery.

A motor-assisted non-uniform displacement engine control system includes a non-uniform displacement engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, the cylinders comprising at least two kinds of cylinders having different displacements, a motor connected to a driving shaft of the engine, an energy storage device for supplying electrical energy to the motor, and a motor control unit for controlling the motor, wherein the motor control unit controls the motor to compensate for a difference in torque due to different displacements of the cylinders such that a sum of engine torque and motor torque during an explosion stroke of each cylinder is uniform.

In some aspects, reciprocating engines can include a drive mechanism for generating a rotational motion output from reciprocating piston assembly, where the drive mechanism includes an axially translating y-axis component to reciprocate along a y-axis with the piston assembly; an x-axis component: i) configured to reciprocate substantially perpendicularly to the y-axis, ii) having an internal ring gear, and iii) having an orbital engagement component substantially concentric with the internal ring gear; an output shaft assembly having an output pinion gear engaging tangentially with the internal ring gear; and a stationary engagement component substantially concentric with the output shaft assembly, the stationary engagement component interfacing with the orbital engagement component, the interfacing between the stationary engagement component and the orbital engagement component applying a force to the x-axis component to maintain contact between the internal ring gear and the output pinion gear.

A power unit for a hybrid vehicle is provided with a twin-cylinder reciprocating piston engine, which has two pistons which are guided in two cylinders in tandem arrangement. Two counter-directional crankshafts are connected with the pistons by connecting rods. At least one generator is rotatable co-directionally to the first crankshaft and counter-directionally to the second crankshaft. A camshaft with valve cams are operatively connected with control valves. A flywheel mass element is arranged on the second crankshaft or on a flywheel mass compensating shaft, and a compensating camshaft are provided. The compensating camshaft includes at least one compensating cam element which is operatively connected with a linearly guided compensating mass.

A power unit for a hybrid vehicle is provided with a twin-cylinder reciprocating piston engine, which has two pistons which are guided in two cylinders in tandem arrangement. Two counter-directional crankshafts are connected with the pistons by connecting rods. At least one generator is rotatable co-directionally to the first crankshaft and counter-directionally to the second crankshaft. A camshaft with valve cams are operatively connected with control valves. A flywheel mass element is arranged on the second crankshaft or on a flywheel mass compensating shaft, and a compensating camshaft are provided. The compensating camshaft includes at least one compensating cam element which is operatively connected with a linearly guided compensating mass.

There is thus provided, in accordance with achieving a novel embodiment, as a rotary shaft turning force containment. This apparatus has a central component on the outer perimeter of a large circular gear assembly at a distance of its rotary shaft, plurality of individual cylinders such as internal combustion cylinders or steam cylinders are deployed angular acceleration uniformly fixedly attached on the circumference of the said embodiments frame to operate at a distance of said rotary shaft. The rotary shaft at the center of a large circular gear assembly whereby turned by smaller gears by means of linkage therethrough the said cylinders piston rod assembly. The idea behind the cylinders deployed at a distance of the rotary shaft is to take advantage of the mechanical leverage to generate maximum torque force with minimum effort. A microprocessor and associated memory are vital means of controlling rpm in communication with the embodiments.

There is thus provided, in accordance with achieving a novel embodiment, as a rotary shaft turning force containment. This apparatus has a central component on the outer perimeter of a large circular gear assembly at a distance of its rotary shaft, plurality of individual cylinders such as internal combustion cylinders or steam cylinders are deployed angular acceleration uniformly fixedly attached on the circumference of the said embodiments frame to operate at a distance of said rotary shaft. The rotary shaft at the center of a large circular gear assembly whereby turned by smaller gears by means of linkage therethrough the said cylinders piston rod assembly. The idea behind the cylinders deployed at a distance of the rotary shaft is to take advantage of the mechanical leverage to generate maximum torque force with minimum effort. A microprocessor and associated memory are vital means of controlling rpm in communication with the embodiments.

An alternative heat source for an internal combustion engine with an elongated compartment with first and second ends, a directed energy device capable of sending a pulse of photonic energy to a focal point within the first end of the compartment, an intake allowing for the entry of a gas into the the elongated compartment, an exhaust allowing for the exit of the gas from the elongated compartment, and a piston capable of moving within the elongated compartment between the first and second ends. The pulse of photonic energy at the focal point heats the gas and causes a corresponding expansion of the gas in the elongated compartment, driving the piston toward the second end of the elongated compartment, where the piston movement can be translated into motive force. The same principle can work with a rotary chamber, or a dual chambered linear system.

An alternative heat source for an internal combustion engine with an elongated compartment with first and second ends, a directed energy device capable of sending a pulse of photonic energy to a focal point within the first end of the compartment, an intake allowing for the entry of a gas into the the elongated compartment, an exhaust allowing for the exit of the gas from the elongated compartment, and a piston capable of moving within the elongated compartment between the first and second ends. The pulse of photonic energy at the focal point heats the gas and causes a corresponding expansion of the gas in the elongated compartment, driving the piston toward the second end of the elongated compartment, where the piston movement can be translated into motive force. The same principle can work with a rotary chamber, or a dual chambered linear system.