A personal respiratory isolation system (PRIS) provides a personal, negative pressure environment for a patient or user that reduces contamination and spread of pathogens exhaled by the patient into the environment. The PRIS includes an enclosure to receive the patient's head (such as a hood and a drape) and a negative pressure source which draws ambient air into the interior of the enclosure and draws air within the enclosure's interior (including the exhalations of the patient, including any contaminants and/or pathogens) out of the enclosure via a fluid port into a container for biohazard processing or disposal. The PRIS may allow positive air pressure therapeutic treatments to be delivered to the patient within the negative pressure environment, and the PRIS may maintain a constant pressure within the interior of the enclosure. The PRIS may include a transparent, hinged face shield for ease of patient observation and/or access.

A renal replacement apparatus (100), having a hemofilter (108); an extracorporeal blood circuit (102) configured to communicate blood from a patient (104), through the hemofilter, and back to the patient; and a flow measuring device (150) configured to measure at least one blood flow property as the blood is leaving the hemofilter and before the blood returns to the patient at a flow measuring device location (152), wherein the flow measuring device comprises at least one of a viscometer and a rheometer. Alternately, or in addition, the renal replacement apparatus may include thermomodulator system (222) including at least one thermomodulator configured to selectively heat and cool the blood in the extracorporeal blood circuit. The renal replacement apparatus (100) may have a controller (160). The controller may use artificial intelligence. Other embodiments are described herein.

A liquid ventilation system includes a reservoir holding a perfluorochemical (“PFC”) fluid, and a suction pump connected to the reservoir to reduce pressure within the reservoir. A sensor is configured to measure an intra-lung pressure. An appliance is configured to be disposed within a patient. The appliance carries an injector to supply the PFC fluid through the appliance. An extraction valve is disposed on an extraction line between the appliance and the reservoir. The extraction valve is arrangeable between a first position enabling fluid communication from the appliance to the reservoir and a second position disabling fluid communication from the appliance to the reservoir.

A method for maintaining a balloon of a balloon catheter at a prescribed pressure of between about 0.2 psi and 1 psi comprises the step of: generating a vacuum within a reservoir defined in a burette that is part of a fluid management system that is configured to controllably inflating and deflating the balloon by circulating balloon fill media along a fluid circuit, wherein generating the vacuum results in formation of a pressure differential along the fluid circuit, thereby allowing the balloon to be maintained at the prescribed pressure between about 0.2 psi and about 1 psi.

Apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may be a pipe that includes heat transfer materials that have a thermal conductivity of greater than 50 Watts per meter Kelvin. Heat transfer materials may include one or more solid heat sinks (that are rigidly connected to each other or to a portion of the pipe), Peltier devices, or loose fill of a desired size or shape. Fill included in the pipe may also absorb particulate matter or volatile organic compounds. As a user burns or vaporizes materials at one end of the pipe and sucks heated smoke or vapor into the pipe, that user may inhale cool and clean smoke or vapor. Methods and apparatus consistent with the present disclosure may allow a controller at the pipe to send sensor or consumption data to other electronic devices when a number of milligrams of a substance inhaled by a patient are monitored.

An oxygen concentrator may have a compressor to feed a feed gas for sieve bed(s) via a first manifold, an accumulator to receive enriched air from the bed(s) via a second manifold. It may include an outer housing for the manifolds, the compressor, and the accumulator. The housing may include an access portal to a compartment therein, for removably receiving the bed(s) as a canister assembly. The first manifold may be adjacent to the compartment and have inlet coupling(s) for removably coupling respectively with inlet(s) of the canister assembly. The inlet coupling(s) may each have a first central axis. The second manifold may be adjacent to the compartment and have outlet coupling(s) for removably coupling respectively with outlet(s) of the canister assembly. The outlet coupling(s) may each having a second central axis. The first and second central axes may form any one of an obtuse, acute, or right angle.

A bed has a mattress. A sensor system is configured to sense at least one physical phenomenon through a sleep session. A controller may include at least one processor and memory, the controller configured to receive, through the sleep session, the sensor data; select, from a plurality of optional algorithms, a selected algorithm based on at least one of the sensor data, user input, and checking a clock, where the optional algorithms include (i) a state-based algorithm and (ii) a schedule-based algorithm; update, through the sleep session, using the selected algorithm, a current sleep state of the sleeper; track the sleep session based on the update of the current sleep state of the sleeper through the sleep session; update, through the sleep session, using the tracking of the sleep session, a target environmental-parameter; and send, through the sleep session, automation instructions to an environmental controller.

The present invention provides systems, methods, and articles for stress reduction and sleep promotion. A stress reduction and sleep promotion system includes at least one remote device, at least one body sensor, and at least one remote server. In other embodiments, the stress reduction and sleep promotion system includes machine learning.

Systems and methods for nitric oxide generation are provided. In an embodiment, an NO generation system can include a controller and disposable cartridge that can provide nitric oxide to two different treatments simultaneously. The disposable cartridge has multiple purposes including preparing incoming gases for exposure to the NO generation process, scrubbing exhaust gases for unwanted materials, characterizing the patient inspiratory flow, and removing moisture from sample gases collected. Plasma generation can be done within the cartridge or within the controller. The system has the capability of calibrating NO and NO.sub.2 gas analysis sensors without the use of a calibration gas.

A platelet incubator usable as a lid for a refrigerated container includes a heating plate and a transparent cover. The heating plate has an aluminum top plate, an aluminum middle plate with an opening into which a silicon mat heater is placed, and a 5052 aluminum alloy bottom plate, with an aperture through which the wires providing electrical energy to the silicon mat heater are placed. The temperature is continuously monitored, and a log is kept for printout, allowing the platelet incubator to meet relevant compliance requirements. An alarm is activated if the temperature of the platelets exceeds twenty-three degrees Celsius, or falls under twenty-one degrees Celsius.