The aerosol-generating article is has an outlet end, a distal end upstream from the outlet end, and a mid-point located an equal distance between the outlet end and the distal end. The article includes a liquid aerosol-forming substrate contained within a frangible capsule, the frangible capsule being located between the distal end and the mid-point. At least a portion of a liquid retention medium is located between the distal end and the mid-point. The article is configured such that, during use, air is capable of being drawn through the article from the distal end to the outlet end.

A peritoneal dialysis (PD) system includes a PD fluid pump, a PD fluid heater positioned and arranged to heat fresh PD fluid pumped by the PD fluid pump, and a phase change material (PCM) device positioned and arranged to receive fresh PD fluid heated by the PD fluid heater. The PCM device includes a PCM having a melting temperature selected so that the PCM solidifies when underheated fresh PD fluid contacts the PCM transferring heat to the underheated fresh PD fluid. Alternatively or additionally, the PD system may include a different PCM device having a PCM with a melting temperature selected so that the PCM melts when overheated fresh PD fluid contacts the PCM thereby removing heat from the overheated fresh PD fluid. A configuration for the PCM device is also disclosed.

A device and method for treating a wound of a patient with negative pressure is provided. The device comprises a heat-assisted pump system. The pump system can be powered in part by heat derived from the patient. The pump system may be configured to be highly planar, light weight, and portable. The pump system may comprise a Stirling engine or a thermal acoustic engine.

The method includes defining a cavity within a housing of a vapor-generating article, the vapor-generating article having a first end, a second end and a middle section, first inserting at least one portion of a retention medium within the housing between the first end and the middle section, and second inserting a first frangible capsule to be near or at least partially within the retention medium, the first frangible capsule including a first volatile substrate.

The headache mitigating apparatus includes at least a transverse strap configured to wrap around a user's head in the manner of a hat band and at least one strap configured to extend under the user's occipital bone and rest along the user's upper neck as well as extending over the head strap at a forward end thereof. The apparatus can include bladders in the transverse and occipital straps, respectively. The bladders can be filled simultaneously or separately with a pneumatic hand pump such as those found on sphygmomanometers or may include an inflation apparatus which is operable via a push button, in a manner similar to that in which self-inflating items inflate. At least one strap may also accommodate a gel pack for heating or cooling. One or both straps may include buckles or hook and loop closures configured to be adjusted to secure the apparatus to the user's head.

The headache mitigating apparatus includes at least a transverse strap configured to wrap around a user's head in the manner of a hat band and at least one strap configured to extend under the user's occipital bone and rest along the user's upper neck as well as extending over the head strap at a forward end thereof. The apparatus can include bladders in the transverse and occipital straps, respectively. The bladders can be filled simultaneously or separately with a pneumatic hand pump such as those found on sphygmomanometers or may include an inflation apparatus which is operable via a push button, in a manner similar to that in which self-inflating items inflate. At least one strap may also accommodate a gel pack for heating or cooling. One or both straps may include buckles or hook and loop closures configured to be adjusted to secure the apparatus to the user's head.

A vaporizer for delivery of a volatile medium to a gas flow, the vaporizer comprising: a gas delivery unit (3) which receives a flow of gas and provides a flow of gas containing a metered amount of a vaporized medium; a reservoir unit (5) which contains a volatile medium and maintains a supply of the vaporized medium, wherein the reservoir unit is selectively fluidly connected to the gas delivery unit; a gas sensing unit (7) for sensing a flow rate and/or composition of the gas flow; a vaporized medium sensing unit (9) for sensing a flow rate of the vaporized medium; a manifold (10) which includes flow paths for the vaporized medium and fluidly connects the reservoir unit and the vaporized medium sensing unit; and a control unit (11) for controlling a flow rate of the gas flow and an amount of the vaporized medium which is metered into the gas flow.

Provided are systems, methods, and electronic vapor devices configured to integrate advanced aromatic creation and distribution functionality via electronic vapor devices.

An apparatus, comprising an environmental control element configured to control at least one environmental condition of a substance contained within a chamber, the environmental control element includes a thermal insulator configured to provide a thermal shield to the substance and a phase change material (PCM) configured to thermally regulate at least one environmental condition. The environmental control element is configured to control the environmental condition without use of an external power source, thereby allowing the apparatus to be thermally self-recharging.

The method includes defining a cavity within a housing of a vapor-generating article, the vapor-generating article having a first end, a second end and a middle section, first inserting at least one portion of a retention medium within the housing between the first end and the middle section, and second inserting a first frangible capsule to be near or at least partially within the retention medium, the first frangible capsule including a first volatile substrate.