An active accelerator pedal for a vehicle includes a pedal unit and an actuator unit. The pedal unit includes a pedal that is pivotable about a pivot axis. The actuator unit includes an electrical device and a worm gear positioned between the electrical drive and the pedal unit. The worm gear includes a worm and a driven worm element. The actuator unit is configured to apply a counterforce in a direction opposite to a pedal force exerted on the pedal.

An active accelerator pedal for a vehicle includes a pedal unit and an actuator unit. The pedal unit includes a pedal that is pivotable about a pivot axis. The actuator unit includes an electrical device and a worm gear positioned between the electrical drive and the pedal unit. The worm gear includes a worm and a driven worm element. The actuator unit is configured to apply a counterforce in a direction opposite to a pedal force exerted on the pedal.

A jet propelled watercraft includes a reverse gate that moves to a first position and to a second position. When the reverse gate is in the first position, the reverse gate causes a vessel body to move forward. When the reverse gate is in the second position, the reverse gate causes the vessel body to decelerate or move backward. A velocity mode selector is used to select a normal mode or a velocity mode. The velocity mode has a maximum velocity different from that of the normal mode. When the reverse gate is in the second position and the velocity mode is selected, a controller is configured or programmed to set an upper limit of an engine rotation speed in the velocity mode to be different from that of the engine rotation speed in the normal mode.

A jet propelled watercraft includes a reverse gate that moves to a first position and to a second position. When the reverse gate is in the first position, the reverse gate causes a vessel body to move forward. When the reverse gate is in the second position, the reverse gate causes the vessel body to decelerate or move backward. A velocity mode selector is used to select a normal mode or a velocity mode. The velocity mode has a maximum velocity different from that of the normal mode. When the reverse gate is in the second position and the velocity mode is selected, a controller is configured or programmed to set an upper limit of an engine rotation speed in the velocity mode to be different from that of the engine rotation speed in the normal mode.

A pedal reaction force applying device includes an acceleration pedal used in a stepping-in operation and a returning operation, a motor configured to apply a pedal reaction force acting on an acceleration pedal in the stepping-in operation and the returning operation, a power transmitting device provided between the acceleration pedal and the motor and including a speed-reduction mechanism, an operation direction determiner configured to determine an operation direction of the acceleration pedal, and a reaction force controller configured to control the pedal reaction force on the acceleration pedal. The reaction force controller controls a magnitude of the pedal reaction force by controlling a power of the motor based on the operation direction of the acceleration pedal determined by the operation direction determiner.

Methods and systems are provided for monitoring and adapting sensors and actuators in the induction system and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine during a period of time in which fresh air is flowing through the internal combustion engine without fuel delivery. According to the disclosure, the period of time in which fresh air is flowing through the internal combustion engine when fuel delivery is turned off and the monitoring and adapting is being carried out is extended by transferring torque produced by electric motor to the internal combustion engine.

Methods and systems are provided for monitoring and adapting sensors and actuators in the induction system and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine during a period of time in which fresh air is flowing through the internal combustion engine without fuel delivery. According to the disclosure, the period of time in which fresh air is flowing through the internal combustion engine when fuel delivery is turned off and the monitoring and adapting is being carried out is extended by transferring torque produced by electric motor to the internal combustion engine.

A PCM comprises a basic target torque-deciding part for deciding a basic target torque, based on a driving state of a vehicle including an accelerator pedal operation state, a torque reduction amount-deciding part for deciding a torque reduction amount, based on a driving state of the vehicle other than the accelerator pedal operation state, a final target torque-deciding part for deciding a final target torque, based on the decided basic target torque and the decided torque reduction amount, and an engine output control part for controlling an engine to cause the engine to output the decided final target torque, wherein the engine output control part is operable to prohibit switching of an operation mode of the engine from being performed simultaneously with control of the engine according to a change in the final target torque corresponding to a change in the torque reduction amount.

A PCM comprises a basic target torque-deciding part for deciding a basic target torque, based on a driving state of a vehicle including an accelerator pedal operation state, a torque reduction amount-deciding part for deciding a torque reduction amount, based on a driving state of the vehicle other than the accelerator pedal operation state, a final target torque-deciding part for deciding a final target torque, based on the decided basic target torque and the decided torque reduction amount, and an engine output control part for controlling an engine to cause the engine to output the decided final target torque, wherein the engine output control part is operable to prohibit switching of an operation mode of the engine from being performed simultaneously with control of the engine according to a change in the final target torque corresponding to a change in the torque reduction amount.

An improvement to snowmobile choke lever lift pull on/off assemblies that use a manual style choke system incorporating a single or plurality cable system. The sockets that engage the cables of the cable system may be provide lateral or upper access ports. The choke lever at the distal end of the assembly may be movable from a first position to a second position by engaging the cable system, wherein an actuating element returns the choke lever to the first position. The present invention affords replacement of existing choke lever assemblies, wherein the choke lever and other components of the present invention may be made from metallic materials that increase the assembly's durability and half-life.