The present invention describes a fuel-management system for minimizing particulate emissions in turbocharged direct injection gasoline engines. The system optimizes the use of port fuel injection (PFI) in combination with direct injection (DI), particularly in cold start and other transient conditions. In the present invention, the use of these control systems together with other control systems for increasing the effectiveness of port fuel injector use and for reducing particulate emissions from turbocharged direct injection engines is described. Particular attention is given to reducing particulate emissions that occur during cold start and transient conditions since a substantial fraction of the particulate emissions during a drive cycle occur at these times. Further optimization of the fuel management system for these conditions is important for reducing drive cycle emissions.

The present invention describes a fuel-management system for minimizing particulate emissions in turbocharged direct injection gasoline engines. The system optimizes the use of port fuel injection (PFI) in combination with direct injection (DI), particularly in cold start and other transient conditions. In the present invention, the use of these control systems together with other control systems for increasing the effectiveness of port fuel injector use and for reducing particulate emissions from turbocharged direct injection engines is described. Particular attention is given to reducing particulate emissions that occur during cold start and transient conditions since a substantial fraction of the particulate emissions during a drive cycle occur at these times. Further optimization of the fuel management system for these conditions is important for reducing drive cycle emissions.

An engine system is provided, which includes a vehicle-mounted engine having an injector, a spark plug, an intake valve operating mechanism, and an exhaust valve operating mechanism, an accelerator opening sensor, and a controller. The controller sets beforehand a combustion mode so that a target torque set based on an accelerator opening is realized in a specific cycle in the future from a present time by a given delay time, sets an in-cylinder property when an intake valve is closed in the specific cycle so that the set combustion mode is realized in the specific cycle, estimates the actual in-cylinder property when the intake valve is closed in the specific cycle, when the delay time passes and the cycle becomes the specific cycle, and adjusts an operating amount of at least one of the injector and the spark plug, when the estimated in-cylinder property deviates from the target in-cylinder property.

Provided is an internal combustion engine control device capable of reducing a control error of the ignition timing as compared with the conventional technique. The internal combustion engine control device of the present disclosure includes a neural network model that receives three or more variables including at least a rotation speed, a load, and another specific variable of an internal combustion engine as inputs and outputs a control amount of the internal combustion engine. The neural network model includes a first neural network model having a reference value of the specific variable as an input and a second neural network model having a current value of the specific variable as an input. The internal combustion engine control device of the present disclosure corrects a reference value of the control amount calculated based on the rotation speed and the load using a difference or a ratio between the output of the first neural network model and the output of the second neural network model as a correction amount.

An internal combustion engine (1) operating in cycles, having: a plurality of piston-cylinder units (2), wherein each piston-cylinder unit (2) of the plurality of piston-cylinder units (2) is assigned an ignition device (3) which can be controlled regarding activation and selection of an ignition timing by an engine control (4), wherein a piston-cylinder unit (2), when the ignition device (3) is activated, produces a power by combustion of a gas-air mixture, which can be transmitted as a torque to a crankshaft (5) of the internal combustion engine (1) an intake stroke (6) and an exhaust stroke (7), each coupled to the plurality of piston-cylinder units (2) a supply device (8) for supplying a gas-air mixture under a boost pressure to the intake stroke (6) a signal detection device (9) for acquiring at least one signal which represents a power demand on the internal combustion engine (1) or from which a power demand on the internal combustion engine (1) can be calculated an engine control (4) for actuating actuators of the internal combustion engine (1), wherein the at least one signal can be fed to the engine control (4), and the engine control (4) is configured in a first operating mode to leave as many ignition devices (8) deactivated per cycle of the internal combustion engine in dependence on the currently present power demand, that the power of those piston-cylinder units (2), the ignition devices (8) of which are activated, results in a torque of the crankshaft (5) of the internal combustion engine (1) adapted to the currently present power demand
wherein the engine control (4) is configured to, in a second operating mode, for reducing a risk of deflagration due to unburned gas-air mixture present in the exhaust stroke (7) after a first number (N.sub.1) of cycles of the internal combustion engine (1), for a second number (N.sub.2) of cycles of the internal combustion engine (1), to have more piston-cylinder units (2) produce power per cycle by activating the assigned ignition devices (8) than would be required for the currently present power demand after the second number (N.sub.2) of cycles of the internal combustion engine (1), for a third number (N.sub.3) of cycles of the internal combustion engine (1), in dependence on a currently present power demand per cycle of the internal combustion engine (1), to have so many piston-cylinder units (2) produce power by activation of the assigned ignit

A system and method for transitioning a firing fraction of a variable displacement internal combustion engine when generating a desired torque output. During and following the transition to the second firing fraction, a combustion recipe is ascertained and used operating the cylinders of the variable displacement internal combustion engine to generate the desired torque output. The recipe is preferably optimized for the engine operating at the second firing fraction, at least relative to the previous charge of the previous combustion recipe used with the first firing fraction.

A variety of methods and arrangements are described for controlling transitions between firing fractions during skip fire and potentially variable displacement operation of an engine. In general, cam first transition strategies are described in which the cam phase is changed to, or close to a target cam phase before a corresponding firing fraction change is implemented. When the cam phase change associated with a desired firing fraction change is relatively large, the firing fraction change is divided into a series of two or more firing fraction change steps—with each step using a cam first transition approach. A number of intermediate target selection schemes are described as well.

A variety of methods and arrangements are described for controlling transitions between firing fractions during skip fire and potentially variable displacement operation of an engine. In general, cam first transition strategies are described in which the cam phase is changed to, or close to a target cam phase before a corresponding firing fraction change is implemented. When the cam phase change associated with a desired firing fraction change is relatively large, the firing fraction change is divided into a series of two or more firing fraction change steps—with each step using a cam first transition approach. A number of intermediate target selection schemes are described as well.

A variety of methods and arrangements are described for controlling transitions between effective firing fractions during dynamic firing level modulation operation of an engine in order to help reduce undesirable NVH consequences and otherwise smooth the transitions. In general, both feed forward and feedback control are utilized in the determination of the effective firing fractions during transitions such that the resulting changes in the effective firing fraction better track cylinder air charge changing dynamics associated with the transition.

A variety of methods and arrangements are described for controlling transitions between effective firing fractions during dynamic firing level modulation operation of an engine in order to help reduce undesirable NVH consequences and otherwise smooth the transitions. In general, both feed forward and feedback control are utilized in the determination of the effective firing fractions during transitions such that the resulting changes in the effective firing fraction better track cylinder air charge changing dynamics associated with the transition.