An engine includes a cylinder internal pressure sensor, a torque sensor, and an engine control device. The cylinder internal pressure sensor detects a cylinder internal pressure. The torque sensor detects an engine load. The engine control device receives a detection result of the cylinder internal pressure sensor and a detection result of the torque sensor. If the load detected by the torque sensor is zero (no load) and the cylinder internal pressure obtained from the detection result of the cylinder internal pressure sensor is greater than or equal to a threshold, the engine control device determines that an abnormality occurs in detection by the torque sensor.

A power system for a work vehicle includes an alcohol tank configured to store alcohol; a catalytic converter fluidly coupled to receive alcohol from the alcohol tank and configured to convert the alcohol into ether; and an engine including one or more piston-cylinder sets configured to selectively receive the alcohol stored in the alcohol tank and the ether converted by the catalytic converter and to combust the alcohol and the ether with air to produce mechanical power and exhaust gas.

Various methods and systems are provided for controlling emissions and a likelihood of engine knock during combustion in a multi-fuel engine. A method for an engine includes mixing an amount of a first fuel and an amount of a second fuel to combust a fuel mixture having a fuel ratio of the first fuel relative to the second fuel, the first fuel having a faster combustion flame speed relative to the second fuel, the fuel mixture having an air-to-fuel ratio with an amount of air delivered to the engine. The method further includes controlling either or both of a speed of combustion and a stability of combustion of the fuel mixture with the amount of air delivered to the engine by changing at least one of the fuel ratio, the air-to-fuel ratio, or both of the fuel ratio and the air-to-fuel ratio.

A system comprising engine driven pumps, control units, a rate control algorithm, and a trained algorithmic model. The control units store operation variables for the engine driven pumps. The rate control algorithm includes an instruction set to read the operation variables for the engine driven pumps. The instruction set comprises a trained algorithmic model with a parameter space based on historical operation variables. The trained algorithmic model determines an optimal distribution rate based on an objective. The instruction set generates rate control variables based on the determined optimal distribution rate. Each rate control variable comprises a selected control unit identifier and a rate value. The instruction set distributes each rate control variable based on the selected control unit identifier. The trained algorithmic model determine the optimal distribution rate using an objective that defines a desired mixture between a first fuel and a second fuel.

Methods and systems are provided for adjusting a substitution ratio based on water in a combustion mixture of a multi-fuel engine. In one example, a method includes adjusting a substitution ratio in response to an amount of water provided to a multi-fuel engine configured to combust a first fuel and a second fuel, the second fuel different than the first fuel.

A method and system are provided for adjusting a speed of a turbocharger compressor using an electric motor in response to a relative substitution rate of first and second fuels in a multi-fuel engine.

Timing of HHO gas injection into a 4-stroke engine is optimized based on engine operating parameters to improve fuel economy.

The present subject matter relates to a control unit for controlling an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine includes at least one cylinder 100, at least one combustion chamber 90 within which a fuel is burned, at least one fuel injector 40, 50, at least one ignition device 60, and an oxygen determination unit 20 configured to determine the content of oxygen in the fuel, wherein the control unit 10 is configured to control the internal combustion engine based on the content of oxygen in the fuel detected by the oxygen determination unit 20.

Various methods and systems are provided for a multi-fuel capable engine. The system includes a liquid fuel system to deliver liquid fuel to an engine, a gaseous fuel system to deliver gaseous fuel to the engine, and a control system. The control system can control and test the liquid and gaseous fuel systems.

Methods, systems and devices for evaluating incoming air to an engine, industrial controller including engine controls, valves and solenoids, for concentrations of explosive or combustible gases or vapors, and actuating process control including but not limited to shutting down an engine or other industrial process to control an outcome including the prevention of an overspeed condition when pre-set or calculated elevated gas or vapor concentrations are detected. In some embodiments industrial control including engine shutdown may be achieved conventionally via an electronic kill signal, a shutdown of the fuel injector, carburetor or fuel pump, and in emergency conditions by the shutoff of incoming air to an air intake, turbocharger, or other air delivery systems. Decisions based on explosive gas or vapor concentrations and species and the use of networking to allow additional systems to take action before explosive gases or vapors reach said other valve-sensor devices can provide additional safety.