A cylinder aligning sleeve and adapter plate for use within an internal combustion engine. The sleeve includes apertures placed contiguously with holes within the adapter plate to form a flow passage through the dead space between compression and crosshead pistons. The flow passage exits to a vent line where gas detection may occur along with safe venting of any gas detected. The sleeve serves to ensure concentric alignment of the compression cylinder with the engine block bore.

A cylinder aligning sleeve and adapter plate for use within an internal combustion engine. The sleeve includes apertures placed contiguously with holes within the adapter plate to form a flow passage through the dead space between compression and crosshead pistons. The flow passage exits to a vent line where gas detection may occur along with safe venting of any gas detected. The sleeve serves to ensure concentric alignment of the compression cylinder with the engine block bore.

An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder in which a piston reciprocates; a cylinder head positioned above the cylinder; a gasket disposed between the cylinder and the cylinder head; a stepped portion that is formed at an upper end portion of an inner peripheral surface of the cylinder and positioned below the gasket; a ring member having a cylindrical shape provided to the stepped portion; and a protrusion portion that is formed in a manner to protrude from the ring member and bites into a lower surface of the gasket.

A cylinder block that can be used commonly in a longitudinally mounted engine and a transversely mounted engine without increasing a manufacturing cost. The cylinder block comprises an attachment flange joined to a transmission or a transaxle, and an oil pan or the oil pan and a ladder frame are attached to a lower end thereof. The attachment flange comprises: a first flange formed on an outer periphery thereof; a first joint surface formed on the first flange to be joined to a matching surface of the transmission; a second flange extending in the inner side of the first flange; and a second joint surface formed on the second flange to be joined to a matching surface of the transaxle.

A cylinder block that can be used commonly in a longitudinally mounted engine and a transversely mounted engine without increasing a manufacturing cost. The cylinder block comprises an attachment flange joined to a transmission or a transaxle, and an oil pan or the oil pan and a ladder frame are attached to a lower end thereof. The attachment flange comprises: a first flange formed on an outer periphery thereof; a first joint surface formed on the first flange to be joined to a matching surface of the transmission; a second flange extending in the inner side of the first flange; and a second joint surface formed on the second flange to be joined to a matching surface of the transaxle.

An engine includes an engine block with at least one cylinder bank including cylinder bores formed therein. A piston is reciprocatingly disposed in each of the cylinder bores. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted to the engine block. Connecting rods are rotatably attached to the crankshaft and are coupled to the piston. A cylinder head with intake valves and exhaust valves in fluid communication with the cylinder bores is mounted to each cylinder bank. At least one permanent magnet is disposed in a skirt of each piston. At least one electromagnet is positioned adjacent to the permanent magnet(s). A control system selectively provides an electrical current to the electromagnets to produce a desired magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field of the electromagnets cooperates with a magnetic field of the permanent magnets to affect a motion of the piston in respect of the engine block.

An engine includes an engine block with at least one cylinder bank including cylinder bores formed therein. A piston is reciprocatingly disposed in each of the cylinder bores. A crankshaft is rotatably mounted to the engine block. Connecting rods are rotatably attached to the crankshaft and are coupled to the piston. A cylinder head with intake valves and exhaust valves in fluid communication with the cylinder bores is mounted to each cylinder bank. At least one permanent magnet is disposed in a skirt of each piston. At least one electromagnet is positioned adjacent to the permanent magnet(s). A control system selectively provides an electrical current to the electromagnets to produce a desired magnetic field, wherein the magnetic field of the electromagnets cooperates with a magnetic field of the permanent magnets to affect a motion of the piston in respect of the engine block.

A cylinder liner for an internal combustion engine may include a hollow-cylindrical liner body, which may have an inner circumferential surface including a first axial portion and a second axial portion. The first axial portion may open at a first opening angle towards the second axial portion. The second axial portion may open at a second opening angle away from the first axial portion. The second opening angle may be greater than the first opening angle. A first surface roughness in the first axial portion may be greater than a second surface roughness in the second axial portion. A plateau aspect in the second axial portion, which may be defined as R3p=Rvk/(Rpk+Rk), may be 0.2 to 1.6. A texture height in the second axial portion, which may be defined as R3k=Rpk+Rk+Rvk, may be 0.4 μm or less.

A piston arrangement (12) for an internal combustion engine (10) comprises one or more pistons (14) which are at least partly constructed from a technical ceramic material. An axially disposed bore (20) for receiving a heat transfer member (22) is provided in at least one of the pistons (14). The heat transfer member (22) is reconfigurable from a first, solid, state to a second state in which at least part of the heat transfer member (22) is in a liquid state so as to transfer heat away from and thus cool the piston rod (16) as the piston reciprocates. A cylinder arrangement (46) for the internal combustion engine (10) comprises one or more cylinders (48) which are at least partly constructed from a technical ceramic material. One or more grooves (54) are formed in the cylinder (48), to decrease the thermal gradient between the inside and outside of the cylinder (48). A piston (14) for the internal combustion engine (10) comprises a piston rod (16) and a piston crown (18) which is at least partly constructed from a technical ceramic material. An insulation arrangement (40) between the piston rod (16) and the piston crown (18) comprises segments (42) configured such that when disposed on the piston rod (16) axial slots or spaces are defined between the segments (42).

A sliding mechanism of the present invention includes a cylinder bore having a thermally sprayed iron-based coating and includes a piston with a piston ring covered with a hard coating composed mainly of carbon.

The thermally sprayed coating has diamond abrasive grains.

An area ratio of the diamond abrasive grains to a surface of the thermally sprayed coating is 0.3 to 1.8%, which enables suppressing wear of the piston ring having the hard coating composed mainly of carbon.