An electronic fuel injection throttle body unit has a core body with two side components. The two side components each including a fuel delivery passage. Four air intake passages extending vertically through the throttle body. Valves are rotatable within the air intake passages. The valves being connected to valve shafts that rotate about respective valve shaft axes. The valve shaft axes and the fuel delivery passages are perpendicular to each other.

Low-cost fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines, including vapor fuel engines are provided.

A fuel-piping attachment structure includes a fuel piping, at least one fastening portion, and a protective member. The at least one fastening portion is to be joined to an internal combustion engine main body to support the fuel piping with respect to the internal combustion engine main body. The protective member includes at least one base portion to be joined to the internal combustion engine main body. All of the at least one fastening portion are disposed on a first side in a Z direction with respect to the axis of the fuel piping. All of the at least one base portion are disposed on a second side in the Z direction with respect to the axis of the fuel piping.

A fuel pump has a low pressure fuel inlet (40) and a single piston pumping chamber (10) for supplying high pressure fuel through a pump outlet to an inlet side of a common rail (16). The fuel pump comprises a primary pressure relief valve (12) having an inlet side in hydraulic communication with the inlet side of the common rail (16) and an outlet side in fluid communication with the pumping chamber (10); and an auxiliary pressure relief valve (19) having an inlet side (35) in hydraulic communication with the pumping chamber (10) and an outlet side in direct fluid communication with a fuel passage (37) at the low pressure of the pump inlet (40).

Proposed is a method for open-loop and closed-loop control of an internal combustion engine (1), the rail pressure (pCR) being controlled via a low pressure-side suction throttle valve (4) as the first pressure-adjusting element in a rail pressure control loop. The invention is characterized in that a rail pressure disturbance variable is generated to influence the rail pressure (pCR) via a high pressure-side pressure control valve (12) as the second pressure-adjusting element, by means of which fuel is redirected from the rail (6) into a fuel tank (2).

A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine having an elongated body with a fuel inlet end and a fuel discharge end. The injector body includes an outwardly extending plate attached at a position between its ends and this plate includes at least one radially outwardly extending tab so that the cross-sectional shape of the plate is noncircular. A fuel cup receives the fuel inlet end of the fuel injector and includes a radially inwardly extending ledge at a mid position of the cavity. This ledge includes a through bore complementary in shape to the shape of the plate so that, with the fuel injector and plate aligned at a predetermined angular assembly position, the plate passes through the ledge upon insertion of the fuel injector into the cavity. Thereafter, rotation of the fuel injector and attached plate to a locking position positions the tabs above the ledge thus locking the fuel injector to the fuel cup.

Methods and systems are provided for closed loop operation of a high pressure fuel pump connected to the direct injectors of an internal combustion engine. During operation of the high pressure pump a dead zone may exist where a substantial change in the pump duty cycle does not correspond to a substantial change in the fuel rail pressure. To operate outside the dead zone, a relationship between the pump duty cycle and fuel rail pressure is learned upon completion of several pump and engine conditions, thereby improving high pressure pump operation and reducing pump degradation.

A fuel rail or pressure vessel assembly extends along a longitudinal axis and includes a fluid conduit having an opening at either or both of the longitudinal ends of the conduit. The conduit has an inlet coupled to a high-pressure fuel source, a plurality of outlets, and a conduit interior that forms a fluid flow passageway between inlet and outlets. An end cap assembly is mounted to cover and close each fluid conduit opening. The end cap assembly includes a cup having a free edge that defines an aperture that leads to a cup interior. The cup has an inner surface facing the conduit interior. The end cap assembly also includes a reinforcement that is mounted to the inner surface of the cup. Both the cup and the reinforcement can be stamped metal components and are brazed together.

Provided is a connector which can facilitate tuning of frequency of pulsation to be reduced and prevent sealing performance from degrading when a piston moves. A pulsation reducing member adopts a structure in which the piston moves in a cylinder. The cylinder has an annular flange portion projecting in a radially inner direction of a hollow cylindrical shape. An elastic sealing member is sandwiched in a compressed state between an end surface of the flange portion of the cylinder and an end surface of the piston. An urging body is disposed in a region in the cylinder on a side of the piston opposite to a passage and applies urging force to move the piston toward the passage and compress the elastic sealing member.

A fuel injector retention arrangement includes a fuel rail socket interior space defined within a fuel rail socket body along a fuel rail socket axis; a fuel injector retention groove defined on a fuel injector upper housing of a fuel injector; a first retention bore defined in the fuel rail socket body along a first retention bore axis that is substantially perpendicular to the fuel rail socket axis; a second retention bore defined in the fuel rail socket body along a second retention bore axis that is substantially perpendicular to the fuel rail socket axis; a first retention pin disposed within the first retention bore and the fuel injector retention groove; a second retention pin disposed within the second retention bore and the fuel injector retention groove; and a retention pin retaining member which retains the first and second retention pins in the first and second retention bores respectively.