The present disclosure relates to a method and a control unit for controlling pre-warming process of an engine of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). The method comprises determining start-up time of the engine. The method also comprises determining engine heating time for the engine. The pre-warming process of the engine is initiated prior to start up time of the engine. The process of pre-warming is discontinued when the determined start-up time of the engine is greater than the engine heating time and the process is restarted when the determined start-up time of the engine is less than the engine heating time and when the pre-warming process of the engine is discontinued. The above-mentioned process is reiterated at plurality of time intervals for controlling the pre-warming process of the engine which results in energy efficiency and sufficient heat for warm-up of the engine.

The present disclosure relates to a method and a control unit for controlling pre-warming process of an engine of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). The method comprises determining start-up time of the engine. The method also comprises determining engine heating time for the engine. The pre-warming process of the engine is initiated prior to start up time of the engine. The process of pre-warming is discontinued when the determined start-up time of the engine is greater than the engine heating time and the process is restarted when the determined start-up time of the engine is less than the engine heating time and when the pre-warming process of the engine is discontinued. The above-mentioned process is reiterated at plurality of time intervals for controlling the pre-warming process of the engine which results in energy efficiency and sufficient heat for warm-up of the engine.

A compressed self-ignition type internal combustion engine includes a fuel injection nozzle provided such that a plurality of injection holes are exposed from a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine to a combustion chamber, and a plurality of hollow ducts configured such that an inlet and an outlet are exposed to the combustion chamber. The plurality of ducts are configured such that each fuel spray injected from the plurality of injection holes of the fuel injection nozzle passes from the inlet to the outlet. The internal combustion engine includes a heating device for heating at least one of the plurality of ducts.

In some embodiments, a vehicle includes a temperature monitoring controller. The temperature monitoring controller is a processor, control module, or other suitable hardware that is configured to receive temperature sensor values from an engine control module (ECM) when an ignition bus is in a powered on state, and to decide when the engine should be automatically started in order to maintain a temperature above a low temperature threshold. The temperature monitoring controller periodically causes an ignition bus of the vehicle to be placed in the powered on state when the engine is shut down in order to collect temperature sensor values. The temperature monitoring controller determines whether to automatically start the engine, and if not, determines how long to wait before collecting temperature sensor values again based on a rate of change of the temperature sensor values.

In some embodiments, a vehicle includes a temperature monitoring controller. The temperature monitoring controller is a processor, control module, or other suitable hardware that is configured to receive temperature sensor values from an engine control module (ECM) when an ignition bus is in a powered on state, and to decide when the engine should be automatically started in order to maintain a temperature above a low temperature threshold. The temperature monitoring controller periodically causes an ignition bus of the vehicle to be placed in the powered on state when the engine is shut down in order to collect temperature sensor values. The temperature monitoring controller determines whether to automatically start the engine, and if not, determines how long to wait before collecting temperature sensor values again based on a rate of change of the temperature sensor values.

An electrical load resistance includes a housing having at least one U-shaped receiving pocket, in which at least one PTC heating element is accommodated. The PTC heating element includes at least one PTC element and at least one contact plate electrically conductively connected to the PTC element for energizing the PTC element. The contact plate has a terminal lug for plug contacting the PTC element, and the PTC heating element abuts at least on opposite main side surfaces of the receiving pocket in a heat-conducting manner and projects beyond the terminal lug of the receiving pocket. The housing of the electrical load resistance is closed, and thus has no inlet or outlet openings for a medium to be heated. Also provided is a device with an electrical load resistance for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine, a method for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine, and a use of a PTC heating device as an electrical load resistance for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine.

An electrical load resistance includes a housing having at least one U-shaped receiving pocket, in which at least one PTC heating element is accommodated. The PTC heating element includes at least one PTC element and at least one contact plate electrically conductively connected to the PTC element for energizing the PTC element. The contact plate has a terminal lug for plug contacting the PTC element, and the PTC heating element abuts at least on opposite main side surfaces of the receiving pocket in a heat-conducting manner and projects beyond the terminal lug of the receiving pocket. The housing of the electrical load resistance is closed, and thus has no inlet or outlet openings for a medium to be heated. Also provided is a device with an electrical load resistance for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine, a method for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine, and a use of a PTC heating device as an electrical load resistance for reducing the starting time of an internal combustion engine.

Methods and systems are disclosed for remotely and/or automatically controlling electronic components. The electronic components may be elements/systems of a vehicle (e.g., heating elements). In an aspect, a controller may receive a temperature value from a sensor. The controller may activate a heater based on the temperature value of the sensor. In an aspect, the heater is coupled to one or more parts of an engine.

Methods and systems are disclosed for remotely and/or automatically controlling electronic components. The electronic components may be elements/systems of a vehicle (e.g., heating elements). In an aspect, a controller may receive a temperature value from a sensor. The controller may activate a heater based on the temperature value of the sensor. In an aspect, the heater is coupled to one or more parts of an engine.

A vehicle heater decoupling system that facilitates an automated decoupling of the vehicle heater with a power cord plug operably coupled thereto. The present invention includes a receptacle that is configured with a disconnection member. The disconnection member is operably coupled to electrical connection members that are electrically coupled to the power cord plug. A sensor is present to provide detection of the power cord plug. A controller is disposed within the passenger compartment of the vehicle and is coupled to the electrical system of the vehicle. The controller is configured to detect the operational status of the motor of the vehicle specifically whether the motor is running or idle. The controller detects the ignition of the motor and the state of the receptacle and upon detection of the ignition of the motor and the first state the controller transmits a signal to eject the power cord plug.