Systems and methods related to linear turbine systems are presented. Each embodiment described herein may be designed as a single-stage, linear, impulse turbine system. In an embodiment, a linear turbine includes a first shaft extending along a first axis; a second shaft extending along a second axis, the second axis being separated from and substantially parallel to the first axis; a first plurality of buckets to travel a first continuous path around the first shaft and the second shaft along a first plane, the first path including a first substantially linear path segment between the first axis and the second axis; and a nozzle configured to direct a first fluid jet to contact the first plurality of buckets in the first linear path segment.

Systems and methods related to linear turbine systems are presented. Each embodiment described herein may be designed as a single-stage, linear, impulse turbine system. In an embodiment, a linear turbine includes a first shaft extending along a first axis; a second shaft extending along a second axis, the second axis being separated from and substantially parallel to the first axis; a first plurality of buckets to travel a first continuous path around the first shaft and the second shaft along a first plane, the first path including a first substantially linear path segment between the first axis and the second axis; and a nozzle configured to direct a first fluid jet to contact the first plurality of buckets in the first linear path segment.

A paddle wheel flow meter designed for measuring the flow rate of a viscous or debris-laden fluid with fewer parts, higher durability and simplicity of servicing. The flow meter includes a housing including a flow bore and an insert body with an integral rotor shaft. The insert body is removably insertable into the housing. A rotor includes rotor blades and is attached to the rotor shaft so as to be at least partially located in the flow bore such that flow of the fluid causes the rotor to rotate. A sensor unit generates a signal indicative of the rotational rate of the rotor, which can be used to determine the flow rate of the fluid.

A paddle wheel flow meter designed for measuring the flow rate of a viscous or debris-laden fluid with fewer parts, higher durability and simplicity of servicing. The flow meter includes a housing including a flow bore and an insert body with an integral rotor shaft. The insert body is removably insertable into the housing. A rotor includes rotor blades and is attached to the rotor shaft so as to be at least partially located in the flow bore such that flow of the fluid causes the rotor to rotate. A sensor unit generates a signal indicative of the rotational rate of the rotor, which can be used to determine the flow rate of the fluid.

Disclosed herein are linear hydraulic turbines in which the linear machine converts the majority of available energy in the flowing water into useful torque directly in the runner, leaving the outflow with very little velocity.

Disclosed herein are linear hydraulic turbines in which the linear machine converts the majority of available energy in the flowing water into useful torque directly in the runner, leaving the outflow with very little velocity.

An apparatus for generating electricity from water flow held behind a barrier includes a convergent section connected to a first end of a mixing tube such that a venturi is defined between the end of the convergent section and the mixing tube; a diffuser section connected to a second end of the mixing tube, the diffuser section configured such that the pressure at the exit of the diffuser section is greater than the pressure at the venturi; and a turbine tube comprising a blade assembly having a plurality of blades. The turbine tube is supported in the convergent section and is rotatably mounted, the blades being attached to the inner surface of turbine tube such that water flow past the blades drives the rotation of the turbine tube.

An apparatus for generating electricity from water flow held behind a barrier includes a convergent section connected to a first end of a mixing tube such that a venturi is defined between the end of the convergent section and the mixing tube; a diffuser section connected to a second end of the mixing tube, the diffuser section configured such that the pressure at the exit of the diffuser section is greater than the pressure at the venturi; and a turbine tube comprising a blade assembly having a plurality of blades. The turbine tube is supported in the convergent section and is rotatably mounted, the blades being attached to the inner surface of turbine tube such that water flow past the blades drives the rotation of the turbine tube.

Provided is a reverse osmosis treatment system capable of simultaneously and efficiently recovering energy generated both at brine and permeate sides. The system comprises a branched portion configured to divide second to-be-treated water into third and fourth to-be-treated water; a high-pressure pump configured to pressurize the third to-be-treated water thereby to feed fifth to-be-treated water having a higher pressure than the to-be-treated water before divided; a displacement type of first energy recovery device configured to exchange pressures between the fourth to-be-treated water and brine thus separated by a reverse osmosis treatment device, thereby to produce sixth to-be-treated water having a higher pressure than the fourth one; and a second energy recovery device configured to raise a pressure of the third to-be-treated water located at a downstream side of the branched portion with a pressure of first permeate thus separated by the reverse osmosis treatment device.

Provided is a reverse osmosis treatment system capable of simultaneously and efficiently recovering energy generated both at brine and permeate sides. The system comprises a branched portion configured to divide second to-be-treated water into third and fourth to-be-treated water; a high-pressure pump configured to pressurize the third to-be-treated water thereby to feed fifth to-be-treated water having a higher pressure than the to-be-treated water before divided; a displacement type of first energy recovery device configured to exchange pressures between the fourth to-be-treated water and brine thus separated by a reverse osmosis treatment device, thereby to produce sixth to-be-treated water having a higher pressure than the fourth one; and a second energy recovery device configured to raise a pressure of the third to-be-treated water located at a downstream side of the branched portion with a pressure of first permeate thus separated by the reverse osmosis treatment device.