Phototherapy systems and methods of phototherapy are described. In an example, the phototherapy system includes a therapeutic light source configured to emit phototherapeutic light towards a subject; and a placebo light source configured to emit placebo light towards the subject. In an embodiment, the light, including the phototherapeutic light and the placebo light, emitted by the phototherapy system is configured to be visually perceived by the subject as continuous light. In an embodiment, the placebo light is a metameric match of the phototherapeutic light. In an embodiment, the method includes emitting the placebo light in a wavelength range and at an intensity configured to be visually perceived by the user as the phototherapeutic light, such as where the placebo light is a metameric match of the phototherapeutic light.

Methods and systems for treating a biological fluid with light are disclosed. The methods and systems include determining the light dose being delivered to a biological fluid and adjusting the duration of a treatment or the intensity of light emitted in the event of a detected light source outage.

Disclosures of the present invention describe a phototherapy device mainly comprises a phototherapeutic host and a patch module having a connection base, wherein the patch module can be assembled with the phototherapeutic host by letting the connection base be connected with the base through an interlocking mechanism, a rotary locking mechanism or a magnetic lock mechanism. In addition, the phototherapeutic host can be attached to and detached from the patch module. Briefly speaking, this phototherapy device has advantages of simple structure, small volume, being portable, being easy to be operated, and having patch units that are replaceable. In addition, the phototherapeutic host is designed to have a modular structure comprising a base, a PCB, a lighting unit, and a cover, such that the phototherapeutic host can be manufactured and/or used individually.

A meridian stimulation device according to the present specification may comprise: a power supply unit that supplies power; a detection unit that detects the cardiac cycle of a user while attached to the skin of the user; at least one pad attached to a predetermined position on the user and including a light emitting unit that emits visible light, and a filter through which the visible light is transmitted; and a control unit that controls the operation of the light emitting unit on the basis of the cardiac cycle of the user.

A meridian stimulation device according to the present specification may comprise: a power supply unit that supplies power; a detection unit that detects the cardiac cycle of a user while attached to the skin of the user; at least one pad attached to a predetermined position on the user and including a light emitting unit that emits visible light, and a filter through which the visible light is transmitted; and a control unit that controls the operation of the light emitting unit on the basis of the cardiac cycle of the user.

An optical lead can include a cuff body having an exterior surface and an interior surface, wherein the cuff body defines a nerve channel for receiving a portion of a nerve; a lead body coupled, or coupleable, to the cuff body; at least one light emitter disposed on or within the cuff body or the lead body; and at least one reflective element disposed on, within, or beneath the interior surface of the cuff body, wherein the at least one reflective element is configured to reflect light emitted from the at least one light emitter. Alternatively or additionally, the cuff lead can include a receptacle for removably receiving a distal end portion of the lead body. Another system includes a cuff body with at least one light emitter, an electronic subassembly for operation, and an antenna to receive power from an external source.

In certain embodiments, a neural probe comprises a substrate comprising elongated shanks for penetrating neural tissue, each comprising a proximal end and a distal end; at least one optical source integral to the neural probe for illuminating the neural tissue; and microelectrodes located proximate the distal end of the elongated shanks for monitoring neuronal activity. In certain embodiments, a method of monitoring neuronal activity comprises implanting the neural probe into a test subject such that the elongated shanks protrude into neural tissue of the test subject; illuminating the neural tissue with the at least one optical source; and measuring neuronal activity in response to illuminating the neural tissue. In certain embodiments, a device comprises a semiconductor chip; at least one optical source integral to the semiconductor chip; and sensor elements integral to the semiconductor chip for collecting data responsive to light emitted from the at least one optical source.

In certain embodiments, a neural probe comprises a substrate comprising elongated shanks for penetrating neural tissue, each comprising a proximal end and a distal end; at least one optical source integral to the neural probe for illuminating the neural tissue; and microelectrodes located proximate the distal end of the elongated shanks for monitoring neuronal activity. In certain embodiments, a method of monitoring neuronal activity comprises implanting the neural probe into a test subject such that the elongated shanks protrude into neural tissue of the test subject; illuminating the neural tissue with the at least one optical source; and measuring neuronal activity in response to illuminating the neural tissue. In certain embodiments, a device comprises a semiconductor chip; at least one optical source integral to the semiconductor chip; and sensor elements integral to the semiconductor chip for collecting data responsive to light emitted from the at least one optical source.

A portable teeth whitening device comprising a housing having a light source and a power source therein. The light source is designed to emit light through a removable mouthpiece to the teeth of a user during a whitening session. A microcontroller controls the output of the light source according to one or more lighting schemes to optimize whitening treatments.

The invention relates generally to intradermal, transdermal, and/or transmembrane delivery of biologically active substances in the epidermis and/or through the skin, sub-dermal tissues, blood vessels and cellular membranes without causing damage to the cellular surface, tissue or membrane. The biologically active substances may have a molecular weight no less than about 5.8 kDa to about 2,500 kDa, such as Hyaluronic Acid (HA). The biologically active substances may be deposited in a dermal patch containing a red algae polysaccharide-based matrix, wherein the red algae polysaccharide is an extract of Chondrus crispus at 2% by weight of the dermal patch. The invention provides systems and methods for enhanced intradermal, transdermal, and/or transmembrane delivery of such biologically active substances using pulsed incoherent light. The invention further provides a device for the application of the pulsed incoherent light to cellular surfaces and membranes using those compositions and methods.