A transmission wheel assembled of at least two segments (1) on a shaft (12), the inner arc surface (3) of which and the shaft (12) have essentially the same radius (R), and which segments' (1) outer surfaces (9) have profiled surfaces that transmit the power of the transmission wheel. Between the segments' (1) welded-together end faces (4) there are gaps on those sections of the end faces (4) that are not welded, which creates a press fit between the shaft (12) and the inner arc surface (3) of the transmission wheel. The weld connecting the transmission wheel segments' (1) end faces (4) may be incomplete, meaning that it does not reach the shaft (12).

A welded structural assembly and method, in one form, includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate adjacent the upper substrate, a fastener, and a sealing member. The fastener includes a shank portion, a first head portion, and a second head portion. The shank portion extends through the upper substrate and into the lower substrate. The shank is welded to the lower substrate. The first head portion has an outer periphery and an underside. The second head portion is frangibly coupled to the first head portion. The sealing member is disposed under the first head portion between the upper substrate and the first head portion. The sealing member contacts the underside and extends beyond the outer periphery such that the sealing member extends radially outward beyond all points of the first head portion.

A welded structural assembly and method, in one form, includes an upper substrate, a lower substrate adjacent the upper substrate, a fastener, and a sealing member. The fastener includes a shank portion, a first head portion, and a second head portion. The shank portion extends through the upper substrate and into the lower substrate. The shank is welded to the lower substrate. The first head portion has an outer periphery and an underside. The second head portion is frangibly coupled to the first head portion. The sealing member is disposed under the first head portion between the upper substrate and the first head portion. The sealing member contacts the underside and extends beyond the outer periphery such that the sealing member extends radially outward beyond all points of the first head portion.

A method of fastening at least one second object to at least one first object, wherein mechanical vibration acts from a sonotrode on the second object to fasten the second object to the first object. Between the sonotrode and the second object, an auxiliary sheet is placed, for example of paper. After the vibration stops, the auxiliary sheet is displaced relative to the sonotrode for a next fastening step.

A method of fastening at least one second object to at least one first object, wherein mechanical vibration acts from a sonotrode on the second object to fasten the second object to the first object. Between the sonotrode and the second object, an auxiliary sheet is placed, for example of paper. After the vibration stops, the auxiliary sheet is displaced relative to the sonotrode for a next fastening step.

A joined body includes: a thin plate including through holes; a first member including a proximal portion having a portion contacting the thin plate, and a protruding portion that protrudes in relation to a contact surface of the proximal portion and is inserted through the through hole; and a second member arranged oppositely to the proximal portion via the thin plate and made of a material that is same as that of the first member. The thin plate is made of a material having a specific gravity smaller than that of the material forming the first and the second members. The second member and an end portion of the protruding portion are connected to each other, by a part of the second member and a part of the end portion being melt-solidified, the end portion being at a side opposite to a side connected to the proximal portion.

A joined body includes: a thin plate including through holes; a first member including a proximal portion having a portion contacting the thin plate, and a protruding portion that protrudes in relation to a contact surface of the proximal portion and is inserted through the through hole; and a second member arranged oppositely to the proximal portion via the thin plate and made of a material that is same as that of the first member. The thin plate is made of a material having a specific gravity smaller than that of the material forming the first and the second members. The second member and an end portion of the protruding portion are connected to each other, by a part of the second member and a part of the end portion being melt-solidified, the end portion being at a side opposite to a side connected to the proximal portion.

A junction structure includes a first material that is a metallic material, a third material that is a metallic material and is weldable to the first material, and a second material which is a nonferrous metallic material or a nonmetallic material. The second material is sandwiched and fixed between the first material and the third material by lap joining. At least one of the first material or the third material has a weld zone where the first material and the third material are melted and joined together, and at least one exhaust groove or at least one exhaust hole around the weld zone. The at least one exhaust groove or the at least one exhaust hole penetrates a thickness of the at least one of the first material or the third material.

A junction structure includes a first material that is a metallic material, a third material that is a metallic material and is weldable to the first material, and a second material which is a nonferrous metallic material or a nonmetallic material. The second material is sandwiched and fixed between the first material and the third material by lap joining. At least one of the first material or the third material has a weld zone where the first material and the third material are melted and joined together, and at least one exhaust groove or at least one exhaust hole around the weld zone. The at least one exhaust groove or the at least one exhaust hole penetrates a thickness of the at least one of the first material or the third material.

A weldment support for holding a weldment plate in a precast concrete form is provided. The weldment support holds the weldment plate at a predetermined position so that the weldment plate is exposed on one side of the finished precast concrete panel. Weldment plates have one or more studs extending into the form to anchor the plate in the precast concrete panel. The weldment support has multiple adjustment features to secure the weldment support to different sizes of studs and to set the weldment plate at different positions within the form. In some embodiments, one adjustment feature is a plurality of deflectable fingers that engage the stud of the weldment plate, and another adjustment feature is a plurality of segments that can be broken off of the support to set the position of the weldment plate in the form.