Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nail with a head having an inwardly curved top surface. In one embodiment, the nail has a longitudinal axis and comprises a head, a shank, and a tip. The head includes a top portion and a bottom portion. The top portion includes an inwardly curved top surface forming a partially spherical cavity, while the bottom portion includes a radially inwardly tapered annular bottom surface. The shank is integrally connected to and extends from the bottom portion of the head. The tip is integrally connected to and extends from the shank and terminates in a free end.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nail with a head having an inwardly curved top surface. In one embodiment, the nail has a longitudinal axis and comprises a head, a shank, and a tip. The head includes a top portion and a bottom portion. The top portion includes an inwardly curved top surface forming a partially spherical cavity, while the bottom portion includes a radially inwardly tapered annular bottom surface. The shank is integrally connected to and extends from the bottom portion of the head. The tip is integrally connected to and extends from the shank and terminates in a free end.

A railroad crosstie (tie) may be fabricated from a composite material including a fiber reinforced polymer shell manufactured by pultrusion or other process, and filled by a suitable material, typically selected from expanded elastomeric polymer (such as polyurethane resin or other polymer), concrete, lightweight concrete formed by conventional aggregate, sand, cement, water, and an ultra light filler such as natural materials, sawdust, beads of expanded polymer such as expanded polystyrene, microspheres of glass or plastic, a recycled wooden tie in conjunction with any of the above, or the like. Fasteners may be driven such as spikes, threaded, such as screws, lag screws, spreading screws, rivets, or the like into apertures, pilot holes, or directly into fill absent apertures therein.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nail with a head having an inwardly curved top surface. In one embodiment, the nail has a longitudinal axis and comprises a head, a shank, and a tip. The head includes a top portion and a bottom portion. The top portion includes an inwardly curved top surface forming a partially spherical cavity, while the bottom portion includes a radially inwardly tapered annular bottom surface. The shank is integrally connected to and extends from the bottom portion of the head. The tip is integrally connected to and extends from the shank and terminates in a free end.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nail with a head having an inwardly curved top surface. In one embodiment, the nail has a longitudinal axis and comprises a head, a shank, and a tip. The head includes a top portion and a bottom portion. The top portion includes an inwardly curved top surface forming a partially spherical cavity, while the bottom portion includes a radially inwardly tapered annular bottom surface. The shank is integrally connected to and extends from the bottom portion of the head. The tip is integrally connected to and extends from the shank and terminates in a free end.

An integrated amalgamation carrier can join parts. The integrated amalgamation carrier includes an amalgamation carrier body elongated along a longitudinal axis. In addition, the integrated amalgamation carrier includes a plurality of fasteners protruding from the amalgamation carrier body. The fasteners are integrated with the amalgamation body to form a one-piece structure.

An integrated amalgamation carrier can join parts. The integrated amalgamation carrier includes an amalgamation carrier body elongated along a longitudinal axis. In addition, the integrated amalgamation carrier includes a plurality of fasteners protruding from the amalgamation carrier body. The fasteners are integrated with the amalgamation body to form a one-piece structure.

A method for making a plated spline nail includes plating an elongated wire with a corrosion resistant material, passing the wire through a forming machine having rollers configured with protrusions formed thereon and extending outwardly therefrom to form grooves in the wire. cutting the wire to a desired length and forming a head, and a point on the wire to form the nail. The nail may have ring shanks formed therein after the head and point are formed. A lubricant may be applied to the nail and/or the forming machine prior to forming the ring shanks and/or prior to passing the wire through the forming machine to form the grooves in the wire. A nail formed by pre-plating the wire, and a nail formed by the method are also disclosed.

A method for making a plated spline nail includes plating an elongated wire with a corrosion resistant material, passing the wire through a forming machine having rollers configured with protrusions formed thereon and extending outwardly therefrom to form grooves in the wire. cutting the wire to a desired length and forming a head, and a point on the wire to form the nail. The nail may have ring shanks formed therein after the head and point are formed. A lubricant may be applied to the nail and/or the forming machine prior to forming the ring shanks and/or prior to passing the wire through the forming machine to form the grooves in the wire. A nail formed by pre-plating the wire, and a nail formed by the method are also disclosed.

An impact device includes a drive assembly, a cam having a ramp and a fall-off, and a follower associated with the cam. During rotation of the cam, one of the cam or the follower axially displaces as the follower traverses the cam and falls off the fall-off to transform the rotary motion of the drive assembly to a reciprocating motion having a saw-tooth shape that includes a gradual retraction and a quick extension. The quick extension creates an impact loading, which can be used, for example, for driving a fastener into a work piece.