Disclosed are peptides comprising an insulin A chain peptide and an insulin B chain peptide, wherein the B chain peptide comprises a substitution at amino acid 10 and amino acid 20. Disclosed are methods of increasing insulin receptor activation in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of lowering the blood sugar in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of treating type 1 diabetes in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Disclosed are peptides comprising an insulin A chain peptide and an insulin B chain peptide, wherein the B chain peptide comprises a substitution at amino acid 10 and amino acid 20. Disclosed are methods of increasing insulin receptor activation in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of lowering the blood sugar in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed peptide. Disclosed are methods of treating type 1 diabetes in a subject comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a disclosed. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

A use that relates to mannuronic acid oligosaccharides or a composition comprising same in the treatment of Th1-dominance related diseases. The Th1-dominance related diseases may be selected from Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's disease, Type I Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, vitiligo, Sjögren's Syndrome, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Celiac Disease and Grave's disease, preferably from Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

A use that relates to mannuronic acid oligosaccharides or a composition comprising same in the treatment of Th1-dominance related diseases. The Th1-dominance related diseases may be selected from Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's disease, Type I Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, vitiligo, Sjögren's Syndrome, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Celiac Disease and Grave's disease, preferably from Multiple Sclerosis, Crohn's disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Stabilized pharmaceutical formulations of insulin analogues and/or insulin derivatives are disclosed.

The present invention relates to modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors. The present invention also relates to methods of preventing, inducing, causing or increasing weight loss, treating obesity and/or treating metabolic syndrome utilizing the modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors. The present invention also relates to methods of improving insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, reducing insulin levels and/or improving leptin sensitivity utilizing the modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors.

The present invention relates to modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors. The present invention also relates to methods of preventing, inducing, causing or increasing weight loss, treating obesity and/or treating metabolic syndrome utilizing the modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors. The present invention also relates to methods of improving insulin sensitivity and glycemic control, reducing insulin levels and/or improving leptin sensitivity utilizing the modified or polymer conjugated MetAP2 inhibitors.

Provided are ultra fast-acting subcutaneously injectable insulin formulations as well as a stabilized subcutaneously injectable insulin and glucagon formulations, in addition to injection systems and methods of treatments and use thereof.

The present invention refers to a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) lixisenatide or/and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) insulin glargine or/and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound (b) and compound (a) are present in a fixed ratio.

Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for disrupting an interaction between Galectin-3 and insulin receptor or integrins. Further disclosed herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of a disease or a disorder in a subject, such as the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.