The invention relates to spiro derivatives, to the use of said derivatives in treating diseases and conditions mediated by modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels, to compositions containing said derivatives and processes for their preparation.

The invention generally relates to transmucosal administration systems for administering quinones, benzoquinones, and especially 1,4-benzoquinones, via the oromucosal route. The present invention more specifically relates to methods of treatment for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy that includes administering to a patient a dose in the form of one or more transmucosal administration systems.

The present invention relates to inhibitors of gangliosides metabolism for treating motor neuron diseases, in particular hereditary spastic paraplegias.

The present disclosure relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) for the reduction of total convulsive seizure frequency in the treatment of treatment-resistant epilepsy (TRE). In particular, the disclosure relates to the use of CBD of treating TRE when the TRE is Dravet syndrome; myoclonic absence seizures or febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). The disclosure further relates to the use of CBD in combination with one or more anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).

The monoclonal IgG-type antibodies were suggested comprising variable domains represented by a combination of VHH-derivative with a variable domain of the light chain V.sub.L. Said antibodies can comprise amino acid substitutions at positions 44 and 45 (Kabat numbering) or combinations thereof. Antibodies of the invention possess increased affinity and improved aggregation stability.

Described herein are methods of treating epilepsy or status epilepticus, e.g., convulsive status epilepticus, e.g., early status epilepticus, established status epilepticus, refractory status epilepticus, super-refractory status epilepticus, e.g., super-refractory generalized status epilepticus; non-convulsive status epilepticus, e.g., generalized status epilepticus, complex partial status epilepticus; generalized periodic epileptiform discharges; periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges; a seizure, e.g., acute repetitive seizures, cluster seizures, the method comprising administering to the subject a neuroactive steroid.

The present disclosure relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) for the reduction of total convulsive seizure frequency in the treatment of treatment-resistant epilepsy (TRE). In particular, the disclosure relates to the use of CBD of treating TRE when the TRE is Dravet syndrome; myocionic absence seizures or febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). The disclosure further relates to the use of CBD in combination with one or more anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).

This invention relates to the use of one or more cannabinoids in the treatment of epilepsy and more particularly to the use of one or a combination of cannabinoids in the treatment of generalized or partial seizure. In one embodiment it relates to the use of the cannabinoid THCV, as a pure or isolated compound, or as a plant extract in which significant amounts of any THC naturally present has been selectively removed. In another embodiment the phytocannabinoid is CBD.

Cyclic tetrapeptide stereochemical isomers of CJ-15,208, pharmaceutical compositions from such cyclic tetrapeptides, and methods of using such pharmaceutical compositions. The cyclic tetrapeptide compounds and pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein are potent analgesics active in several pain models with generally minimal tolerance and reduced likelihood to induce addiction relative to other known opiates.

An object of this invention is to provide a composition for preventing and/or treating neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral infarction, and a composition for ameliorating learning disorders.

Provided is a composition comprising a combination of a TRH analog and arundic acid.