The present invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of patients with childhood-onset epilepsy who are concurrently taking immunosuppressant drugs. In particular the immunosuppressant drug is a calcineurin inhibitor. More particularly the immunosuppressant drug is tacrolimus. Where the CBD is used in combination with an immunosuppressant drug, caution should be taken. For example, the dose of either the CBD and/or the immunosuppressant drug may be required to be reduced. Moreover, the patient may need to be monitored for side effects of said drug-drug interaction. Preferably the CBD used is in the form of a highly purified extract of cannabis such that the CBD is present at greater than 98% of the total extract (w/w) and the other components of the extract are characterised. In particular the cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been substantially removed, to a level of not more than 0.15% (w/w) and the propyl analogue of CBD, cannabidivarin, (CBDV) is present in amounts of up to 1%. Alternatively, the CBD may be a synthetically produced CBD.

Alternative splicing events in SCN1A gene can lead to non-productive mRNA transcripts which in turn can lead to aberrant protein expression, and therapeutic agents which can target the alternative splicing events in SCN1A gene can modulate the expression level of functional proteins in Dravet Syndrome patients and/or inhibit aberrant protein expression. Such therapeutic agents can be used to treat a condition caused by SCN1A, SCN8A or SCN5A protein deficiency.

Alternative splicing events in SCN1A gene can lead to non-productive mRNA transcripts which in turn can lead to aberrant protein expression, and therapeutic agents which can target the alternative splicing events in SCN1A gene can modulate the expression level of functional proteins in Dravet Syndrome patients and/or inhibit aberrant protein expression. Such therapeutic agents can be used to treat a condition caused by SCN1A, SCN8A or SCN5A protein deficiency.

Provided are methods of treating patients suffering from or susceptible to at least one symptom of abuse of, dependence on, or withdrawal from at least one substance with Compound A. Also provided are methods of treating at least one phase of substance dependence on at least one substance in patients and certain methods of treating at least one phase of cocaine dependence in patients.

Provided are methods of treating refractory seizures in a human subject, e.g., a child, that include administering an effective amount of cannabidiol (CBD), e.g., in a transdermal gel.

Provided are methods of treating refractory seizures in a human subject, e.g., a child, that include administering an effective amount of cannabidiol (CBD), e.g., in a transdermal gel.

The present invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of focal seizures. In one embodiment the patients suffering from focal seizures are children and young adults. CBD appears particularly effective in reducing focal seizures in patients suffering with etiologies that include: Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex; Dravet Syndrome; CDKLS; Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL); febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES); Aicardi syndrome and brain abnormalities in comparison to other seizure types. Significantly CBD additionally is very effective in the reduction of a sub-type of focal seizures, focal seizures with impairment.

The present disclosure relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) for the treatment of seizures associated with Aicardi Syndrome. In one embodiment the seizures associated with Aicardi Syndrome are convulsive seizures; focal seizures with impairment or infantile spasm. The disclosure further relates to the use of CBD in combination with one or more anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).

Embodiments of the invention relate to methods for the manufacture of a protein-bound cannabinoid, comprising: obtaining a cannabinoid or cannabis in a form selected from the group consisting of cannabis smoke, cannabis vapor, cannabinoid solution and cannabis extract, and combining the cannabis smoke, vapor, cannabinoid solution or cannabis extract with an aqueous solution or suspension comprising a plasma protein to form a protein-bound cannabinoid. Further embodiments relate to aqueous solutions comprising a plasma protein-bound cannabinoid and pharmaceutical compositions comprising cannabinoids bound to plasma protein.

The present invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of focal seizures. In one embodiment the patients suffering from focal seizures are children and young adults. CBD appears particularly effective in reducing focal seizures in patients suffering with etiologies that include: Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex; Dravet Syndrome; CDKL5; Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL); febrile infection related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES); Aicardi syndrome and brain abnormalities in comparison to other seizure types. Significantly CBD additionally is very effective in the reduction of a sub-type of focal seizures, focal seizures with impairment.