The present invention relates to improved Nanobodies™ against Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as to polypeptides comprising or essentially consisting of one or more of such Nanobodies. The invention also relates to nucleic acids encoding such Nanobodies and polypeptides; to methods for preparing such Nanobodies and polypeptides; to host cells expressing or capable of expressing such Nanobodies or polypeptides; to compositions comprising such Nanobodies, polypeptides, nucleic acids or host cells; and to uses of such Nanobodies, such polypeptides, such nucleic acids, such host cells or such compositions, in particular for prophylactic, therapeutic or diagnostic purposes, such as the prophylactic, therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Biologically active cannabidiol analogs comprising a compound of the formula ##STR00001##
wherein one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 or both is/are the residue of a moiety formed by the reaction of an amino group of the amino acid ester of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 or both with a dicarboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid derivative and the other R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 (in the case of the mono) is the residue of a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid derivative or Hydrogen (H), (i.e. underivatized), and salts thereof. These CBD analogs are be useful in pain management in oncology and other clinical settings in which neuropathy is presented. Furthermore, these CBD-analogs are useful in blocking the addictive properties of opiates.

The present invention relates to mazindol for use in the treatment of dependence and substance use disorder, wherein the substance is an opioid, a composition comprising mazindol and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient and/or a diluent, for use in the treatment of substance abuse disorder, wherein the substance is an opioid, and a method of treatment of substance abuse disorder comprising administering mazindol or composition comprising mazindol to a subject, wherein the substance is an opioid. The opioid is preferably heroin.

The present invention relates to mazindol for use in the treatment of dependence and substance use disorder, wherein the substance is an opioid, a composition comprising mazindol and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient and/or a diluent, for use in the treatment of substance abuse disorder, wherein the substance is an opioid, and a method of treatment of substance abuse disorder comprising administering mazindol or composition comprising mazindol to a subject, wherein the substance is an opioid. The opioid is preferably heroin.

Provided are methods of using (1R,5S)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, in free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form.

Provided are methods of using (1R,5S)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane, in free or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form.

Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is achieved using small molecule purine scaffold compounds that inhibit Hsp90 and that possess the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier or are otherwise delivered to the brain.

The subject invention provides advantageous new salts of mu-opiate receptor peptides. These salts have been found to have excellent properties in terms of their crystal structure, stability, solubility, lack of impurities and/or the ability to be produced, with these advantageous properties, in amounts sufficient for the production of therapeutic compositions.

The present disclosure relates to a chemical compound having the general formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1 is a phenyl group and R.sub.2 is a meta-substituted phenyl group; and R.sub.TA is a substituted or unsubstituted thiazole ring. The disclosure also relates to said compound according to formula (I), in particular in its diastereomerically pure or enriched form, for use in therapy, in particular for treating and/or preventing age-related cognitive decline. Further, the disclosure relates to said compound according to formula (I) for use in improving cognitive functions, in particular for use in improving the spatial learning capabilities in human individuals. And, disclosure also relates to said compound according to formula (I) for use in the treatment and/or prevention of alcohol addiction, nicotine addiction and/or drug addiction, in particular cocaine and/or metamphetamine addiction.

A method of treating a person with a substance abuse disorder, in particular, opioid abuse and psychostimulant abuse with a chemokine receptor antagonist pharmaceutical composition. The antagonist comprising five contiguous amino acids having the general structure: A-B-C-D-E in which A is Ser, Thr, Asn, Glu, or Ile; B is Ser, Thr, Asp, or Asn; C is Thr, Ser, Asn, Arg, or Trp; D is Tyr and E is Thr, Ser, Arg, or Gly. The amino acids are D stereoisomers. The method both relieves a person's symptoms and reduces the person's risks of addiction.