In a power transmission apparatus, a second clutch includes a divider dividing driving clutch plates and driven clutch plates in an axial direction such that a first region adjacent to a clutch pressure plate and a second region adjacent to a centrifugal clutch are defined. The second clutch presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region and the second region against each other during operation of the centrifugal clutch, and presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region against each other during operation of a back torque transmission cam.

In a power transmission apparatus a second clutch includes a divider dividing driving clutch plates and driven clutch plates in an axial direction such that a first region adjacent to a clutch pressure plate and a second region adjacent to a centrifugal clutch are defined. The second clutch presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region and the second region against each other during operation of the centrifugal clutch, and presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region against each other during operation of a back torque transmission cam.

In a power transmission apparatus a second clutch includes a divider dividing driving clutch plates and driven clutch plates in an axial direction such that a first region adjacent to a clutch pressure plate and a second region adjacent to a centrifugal clutch are defined. The second clutch presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region and the second region against each other during operation of the centrifugal clutch, and presses the driving clutch plates and the driven clutch plates in the first region against each other during operation of a back torque transmission cam.

A high performance synchronous transmission to be used aboard a motorcycle for transmitting the motion generated by an engine to a driving wheel, between a crankshaft and a hub shaft parallel therebetween and perpendicular to the median plane of the motorcycle, comprising on the crankshaft a centrifugal clutch, for the automatic engagement of the first speed above a predetermined rotation regime, and a driving pulley apt to transmit the motion through a subsequent kinematic chain, is provided with a coupling between crankshaft and driving pulley which connects them directly, by determining with its own engagement the exclusion of said centrifugal clutch, said coupling being controlled in disengagement when a control lever is in active position.

A differential can comprise a pilot clutch, a main clutch, a first ball ramp configured to act on the pilot clutch, and a second ball ramp configured to actuate the main clutch when the pilot clutch acts on the second ball ramp. An electromagnetic differential can comprise a carrier, a stator mounted on the carrier, a pilot clutch in the carrier, and a main clutch in the carrier. An electromagnetic differential can comprise a carrier and a first side gear and a second side gear in the carrier. A pilot clutch can be in the carrier surrounding a portion of the first side gear. A main clutch can be in the carrier surrounding a portion of the pilot clutch and surrounding a portion of the first side gear.

A drive train unit for a vehicle includes a housing, an input shaft rotatably mounted in the housing and arranged for rotationally fixed attachment to an output of a transmission, a first clutch operable between a rotor of an electric machine and the input shaft, and a coolant delivery device integrated in the housing. The coolant delivery device is arranged to generate a coolant circuit from the input shaft outwardly in a radial direction when the input shaft is rotated. The coolant delivery device has a discharge element for deflecting coolant flowing in a circumferential direction into a channel inwardly in the radial direction. The drive train unit may include the electric machine with the rotor. The drive train may have an output shaft and a second clutch operable between the input shaft and the output shaft.

A hybrid module for a powertrain of a motor vehicle includes an electric machine, a clutch device, and a frictionally-engaging separating clutch. The separating clutch is arranged between a dual-mass flywheel and an intermediate shaft. The separating clutch includes a counter-plate, an outer lamella carrier rigidly connected to the counter-plate, a pressure plate, axially movable relative to the outer lamella carrier, an intermediate plate, axially movable relative to the outer lamella carrier, a first clutch disk, axially movable and extending between the pressure plate and the intermediate plate, and a second clutch disk, axially movable and extending between the counter-plate and the intermediate plate. The pressure plate or the intermediate plate is connected to the outer lamella carrier for conjoint rotation therewith via a leaf spring, or the pressure plate or the intermediate plate is connected to the counter-plate for conjoint rotation therewith via a leaf spring.

A hybrid module for a powertrain of a motor vehicle includes an electric machine, a clutch device, and a frictionally-engaging separating clutch. The separating clutch is arranged between a dual-mass flywheel and an intermediate shaft. The separating clutch includes a counter-plate, an outer lamella carrier rigidly connected to the counter-plate, a pressure plate, axially movable relative to the outer lamella carrier, an intermediate plate, axially movable relative to the outer lamella carrier, a first clutch disk, axially movable and extending between the pressure plate and the intermediate plate, and a second clutch disk, axially movable and extending between the counter-plate and the intermediate plate. The pressure plate or the intermediate plate is connected to the outer lamella carrier for conjoint rotation therewith via a leaf spring, or the pressure plate or the intermediate plate is connected to the counter-plate for conjoint rotation therewith via a leaf spring.

A transmission for an energy storage and recovery system comprises a variable slip transmission and a clutch arranged to transmit drive while slipping. The level of torque transmitted through the slipping clutch is dependent on the clutch force but is independent of the clutch slip speed. Preferably the clutch is provided by a plurality of clutches connected in parallel in a range extender. When drive is transferred between clutches in parallel, the clutch forces of both clutches are controlled to maintain the total torque transmitted by the clutches. This reduces torque fluctuations at the energy source/sink during clutch transfer. Where there are two slipping clutches in series, one clutch is controlled to provide the required torque and the other clutch is controlled in response to a clutch slip speed. This helps to control the speed of rotation of the mass between the clutches.

A transmission for an energy storage and recovery system comprises a variable slip transmission and a clutch arranged to transmit drive while slipping. The level of torque transmitted through the slipping clutch is dependent on the clutch force but is independent of the clutch slip speed. Preferably the clutch is provided by a plurality of clutches connected in parallel in a range extender. When drive is transferred between clutches in parallel, the clutch forces of both clutches are controlled to maintain the total torque transmitted by the clutches. This reduces torque fluctuations at the energy source/sink during clutch transfer. Where there are two slipping clutches in series, one clutch is controlled to provide the required torque and the other clutch is controlled in response to a clutch slip speed. This helps to control the speed of rotation of the mass between the clutches.