A magnetic actuator includes a first element and a second element movable with respect to the first element in a movement direction. The first element includes teeth successively in the movement direction, two coils in slots defined by the teeth, and a permanent magnet. The second element includes teeth successively in the movement direction. The teeth of the first and second elements and the permanent magnet are arranged so that the second element is held by magnetic forces in each of three positions also when there are no currents in the coils. The second element can be moved between the three positions by supplying electric currents to the coils. Thus, the second element is held in any of the three positions also when current supply to the magnetic actuator is unintentionally lost.

A surgical instrument comprising a shaft and an end effector is disclosed. The end effector is releasably attachable to the shaft by a lock biased into a locked condition to hold the end effector to the shaft.

A clutch assembly includes a hub, a linear actuator, and a bearing assembly. The hub is rotatable about a rotational axis. The linear actuator has a translator mounted concentrically over the hub. The bearing assembly is at an interface between the translator and the hub. The bearing assembly permits transmission of torque between the translator and the hub while allowing for axial movement of the translator in a direction along the rotational axis relative to the hub. The bearing assembly includes a rolling element(s) (e.g., ball bearing, ball, roller, needle). The bearing assembly may further include a (full circumference, or divided segment) cage which entraps the rolling element(s). The clutch assembly may further include a coupling member supported for rotation about the rotational axis. The hub, with the translator concentrically mounted thereon, is mounted concentrically over a portion of the coupling member.

An electro-dynamic coupling and control assembly and a switchable linear actuator device are provided. The assembly has first and second coupling members each of which is supported for rotation about a common rotational axis and at least one locking member for selectively mechanically coupling the coupling members together. The device includes a stator structure including at least one electromagnetic source and a translator structure configured to be coupled to the second coupling member to rotate therewith. The translator structure includes at least one plunger which is elastically deformable in an axial direction to provide the device with compliance. Each plunger has a free end portion configured to move within a passage to engage and actuate a locking member within a pocket in the second coupling member.

An axially oriented, two-position linear actuator includes a fixed stator having a single stator coil and a linear movable translator. The linear actuator is oriented axially in that the stator and the translator are axially offset from one another and the translator is axially movable between first and second end positions toward and away from the stator. For the translator to move between the end positions, the stator coil attracts or repels the translator depending on the polarity of the electrical current of the stator coil. The linear actuator may be part of a clutch assembly, such as a dynamically controllable clutch, for use in controlling coupling members of the clutch assembly.

A clutch system for a motor vehicle includes a friction clutch, a ramp system, a driver, and a magnetic clutch. The friction clutch includes a pressure plate, and is arranged for transmitting a torque between a torque admission element and a torque release element. The ramp system is for axially displacing the pressure plate. The ramp system has an input ramp and an output ramp, rotatable relative to the input ramp, for varying an axial extent of the ramp system as a result of a speed differential between the torque admission element and the torque release element. The driver is coupled to the input ramp and supported so as to allow relative rotation on the torque admission element. The magnetic clutch is for rotationally coupling the driver to the torque admission dement.

An assembly includes first and second coupling members, an actuator, and a biasing member. The first and second coupling members, such as a pocket plate and a notch plate, are supported for rotation relative to one another. The first coupling member has a pocket and a locking member received in the pocket. The locking member is movable between an engaged position and a disengaged position with respect to the coupling members. The actuator exerts an actuation force on the locking member to move the locking member. The biasing member exerts a biasing force on the locking member in opposition to the actuation force.

A surgical instrument is disclosed comprising a shaft, an end effector, and an articulation joint rotatably connecting the end effector to the shaft. The surgical instrument further comprises an articulation drive system configured to permit high degrees of articulation.

A surgical clip applier comprising an electric motor system is disclosed. The electric motor system is configured to drive a clip firing system of the surgical clip applier. The surgical clip applier further comprises a control system configured to control the electric motor system. The control system is configured to monitor a strain gauge circuit to assess the crimping force experienced by the clip firing system. In at least one instance, one or more strain gauges are mounted to a drive shaft and/or jaw of the clip firing system. The control system modifies the operation of the surgical clip applier when the voltage of the strain gauge circuit exceeds and/or falls below a threshold. In at least one instance, the control system modulates the width, or duration, of voltage pulses applied to the electric motor system to control the speed of the electric motor system.

An electro-dynamic coupling and control assembly and a switchable linear actuator device are provided. The assembly has first and second coupling members each of which is supported for rotation about a common rotational axis and at least one locking member for selectively mechanically coupling the coupling members together. The device includes a stator structure including at least one electromagnetic source and a translator structure configured to be coupled to the second coupling member to rotate therewith. The translator structure includes at least one plunger which is elastically deformable in an axial direction to provide the device with compliance. Each plunger has a free end portion configured to move within a passage to engage and actuate a locking member within a pocket in the second coupling member.