A method for synthesizing influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) within a plant or a portion of a plant is provided. The method involves expression of influenza HA in plants and the purification by size exclusion chromatography. The invention is also directed towards a VLP comprising influenza HA protein and plant lipids. The invention is also directed to a nucleic acid encoding influenza HA as well as vectors. The VLPs may be used to formulate influenza vaccines, or may be used to enrich existing vaccines.

Provided herein are combinations of an IL-2 molecule or mutein and a TNFR agonist, and complexes comprising IL-2/TNFR agonist molecules, such as Fc-bound IL-2/TNFR agonist molecules that preferentially expand and activate T regulatory cells and are amenable to large scale production. Also provided herein are methods of making and using the compositions of the present invention.

Provided herein are combinations of an IL-2 molecule or mutein and a TNFR agonist, and complexes comprising IL-2/TNFR agonist molecules, such as Fc-bound IL-2/TNFR agonist molecules that preferentially expand and activate T regulatory cells and are amenable to large scale production. Also provided herein are methods of making and using the compositions of the present invention.

Provided is an immunostimulatory composition, comprising a saponin and a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, or consisting of an adjuvant comprising a saponin and a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, wherein the sequence of the CpG oligodeoxynucleotide has two or more copies of 5′-TTCGTT-3′ motif or 5′-TCGTCGTCG-3′ motif. Also provided is use of the immunostimulatory composition in the preparation of a medication for treating diseases.

Provided herein are anti-CD 19 antibodies and multi-specific binding proteins that bind CD 19, CD3, and serum albumin. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins, expression vectors and host cells for making these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins, and methods of use of these antibodies or multi-specific binding proteins in treating cancers.

The present disclosure provides a composition, a combination product, a medical device and the like for treating or preventing cancer or a tumor or preventing the recurrence of the cancer or the tumor. The present disclosure provides a composition, a combination product and a medical device for treating or preventing cancer or a tumor or preventing the recurrence of the cancer or the tumor, each of which comprises an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a dendritic cell direct activator or means. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides: a novel cancer treatment method which comprises carrying out a treatment of cancer by employing a combination of a treatment by the administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a treatment for improving the sensitivity to the immune checkpoint inhibitor and, therefore, can be used as an immunotherapy that can be expected to have an excellent therapeutic effect; and a medicine which can be used for the cancer treatment method.

Disclosed are: a method for activating a helper T cell, which comprises the step of adding a WT1 peptide to an antigen-presenting cell to activate the helper T cell, wherein the WT1 peptide is capable of binding to any one selected from an HLA-DRB1*1501 molecule, an HLA-DPB1*0901 molecule and an HLA-DPB1*0501 molecule; a composition for use in the method; a therapeutic and/or prophylactic method for cancer by activating a helper T cell; a pharmaceutical composition for use in the therapeutic and/or prophylactic method; and others.

The present invention provides for novel immunological and vaccine formulations comprising a newly applied non-crosslinked polyacrylic acid polymer adjuvant. The adjuvants may be combined with a wide variety of immunogens to produce vaccines that are safe and effective when administered to a wide range of target animals. The immunogens may include, but are not limited to: inactivated pathogens, attenuated pathogens, subunits, recombinant expression vectors, plasmids or combinations thereof. The animals may include, but are not limited to: humans, murine, canines, felines, equines, porcines, ovines, caprines and bovines.

The present disclosure generally relates to viral-based expression systems suitable for the production of molecule of interests in recombinant host cells. The disclosure particularly relates to nucleic acid constructs, such as expression vectors, containing a modified arterivirus genome or replicon RNA in which at least some of its original viral sequence has been deleted. Also included in the disclosure are viral-based expression vectors including one or more expression cassettes encoding heterologous polypeptides. In some embodiments, the expression cassettes are configured and positioned at defined locations on the viral genome so as to enable expression of the heterologous polypeptides in a tunable manner.

This disclosure relates to methods for producing immune cells with enhanced function. More specifically, disclosed herein is a method for enhancing the function of an immune cell comprising modifying an immune cell to inhibit the function of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of RC3H1, RC3H2, A2AR, FAS, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2. Also disclosed herein is a method comprising modifying a stem or progenitor cell capable of differentiating into an immune cell to inhibit the function of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of RC3H1, RC3H2, A2AR, FAS, TGFBR1, and TGFBR2. Also disclosed herein are immune cells or stem cells made by the present methods, as well as the use of immune cells in therapeutic treatment.