A drum brake apparatus includes: a housing; a main braking unit disposed on a first portion of the housing, and the main braking unit configured to be, during main braking, driven by a hydraulic pressure and pressing a shoe; a parking braking unit disposed on a second portion of the housing, the parking braking unit configured to be, during parking braking, driven by an electromotive force of an actuator and pressing the shoe; a first locking member configured to couple the housing to one surface of a back plate; and a second locking member configured to couple the actuator to the housing on another surface side of the back plate.

A disc brake assembly that includes at least one brake pad retraction spring and a sensor assembly. The brake pad retraction spring extends between a pair of brake pad assemblies. The sensor assembly includes at least one sensor and a wire harness. The sensor is disposed on a brake pad assembly. The wire harness is attached to the brake pad retraction spring.

A torque bar manufactured by an additive manufacturing process is provided. The torque bar may include a torque bar body made of more than one metallic material. The torque bar may also include a geometry that comprises one or more voids and one or more webs, as well as a varied geometry in the direction of a longitudinal axis. The torque bars can exhibit characteristics, such as vibration damping, tuned stiffness, and tuned bending resistance in order to enhance dynamic stability.

A torque bar manufactured by an additive manufacturing process is provided. The torque bar may include a torque bar body made of more than one metallic material. The torque bar may also include a geometry that comprises one or more voids and one or more webs, as well as a varied geometry in the direction of a longitudinal axis. The torque bars can exhibit characteristics, such as vibration damping, tuned stiffness, and tuned bending resistance in order to enhance dynamic stability.

A disc brake apparatus has a support member, slide members each having a guide pin and an anchor pin which are situated on an inner side and outer side of the support member, respectively, and a caliper which is held so that tangential force of an outer pad is transmitted to a claw portion and which is supported on the slide members. The caliper includes outer transmission surfaces which transmit braking torque generated in the outer pad to the anchor pins and inner transmission surfaces which transmit the braking force to the guide pins.

A hybrid torque bar for a brake assembly may comprise a base portion, a pin extending from a first end of the base portion, and a rail extending between the first end of the base portion and a second end of the base portion opposite the first end. The base portion may be formed using a first manufacturing process. At least one of the pin or the rail may be formed using a second manufacturing process. The second manufacturing process may comprise an additive manufacturing technique.

A hybrid torque bar for a brake assembly may comprise a base portion, a pin extending from a first end of the base portion, and a rail extending between the first end of the base portion and a second end of the base portion opposite the first end. The base portion may be formed using a first manufacturing process. At least one of the pin or the rail may be formed using a second manufacturing process. The second manufacturing process may comprise an additive manufacturing technique.

A disc/brake friction torque for railway vehicles consisting of at least one pad comprising at least one friction element and a disc. The friction element is made of a sintered material comprising copper, iron, graphite, 0.02 to 1.5% by weight of molybdenum, 1 to 3% by weight of chrome and a porosity ranging from 20 to 35%; and the disc is made of cast iron comprising 0.05 to 2% by weight of chrome, 0.05 to 2% by weight of molybdenum, 0.1 to 2% by weight of nickel.

A torque bar manufactured by an additive manufacturing process is provided. The torque bar may include a torque bar body made of more than one metallic material. The torque bar may also include a geometry that comprises one or more voids and one or more webs, as well as a varied geometry in the direction of a longitudinal axis. The torque bars can exhibit characteristics, such as vibration damping, tuned stiffness, and tuned bending resistance in order to enhance dynamic stability.

A torque bar manufactured by an additive manufacturing process is provided. The torque bar may include a torque bar body made of more than one metallic material. The torque bar may also include a geometry that comprises one or more voids and one or more webs, as well as a varied geometry in the direction of a longitudinal axis. The torque bars can exhibit characteristics, such as vibration damping, tuned stiffness, and tuned bending resistance in order to enhance dynamic stability.