Brake disks with integrated heat sink are provided. Brake disk includes a fiber-reinforced composite material and an encapsulated heat sink material impregnated into the fiber-reinforced composite material. The encapsulated heat sink material comprises a heat sink material encapsulated within a silicon-containing encapsulation layer. Methods for manufacturing the brake disk with integrated heat sink and methods for producing the encapsulated heat sink material are also provided.

A sintered friction material comprises a metallic matrix and granular constituents embedded in the matrix. The metallic matrix comprises a copper base alloy. The friction material is characterized in that the granular constituents comprise at least one sintered cemented carbide in a proportion of up to 9 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material. Furthermore, a friction body, in particular for clutches and brakes, that comprises a friction lining with at least one layer made of the sintered friction material, and a method for the production of a friction lining with the sintered friction material are described.

A piston manufacturing device includes a first forming device (42) configured to form an annular groove (61) in a piston (11), and a second forming device (52) configured to press an edge (15) of an opening (14) of the piston (11) toward other end side in an axial direction of the piston (11) and to form a thick section (65) extruded from an inner circumferential surface (12b) arranged between the edge (15) and the groove (61) toward an axial center side of the piston (11), wherein a recessed section (53) is formed at a portion of the second forming device (52) that is arranged to abut the edge (15) so that an inner circumferential side of the edge (15) is plastically deformed toward the other end side in an axial direction of the piston (11).

A method for producing a composition containing a latex of a nitrile rubber of ,-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit of 8 to 60 wt % content, and an iodine value of 120 or less, an isothiazoline-based compound represented by formula (1), and a benzisothiazoline-based compound represented by formula (2), both in a content of 26 ppm by weight or more to the rubber, wherein adding both compounds to the latex at 2,000 ppm by weight/min or less, at 50 C. or lower, and the compounds in an aqueous state having 0.1 to 40 wt % concentration.

##STR00001## formula (1), R.sup.1 and formula (2), R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted organic group; wherein formula (1) R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an substituted organic group; and formula (2), R.sup.5 represent a hydrogen atom, or an substituted organic group, and an integer n of 0 to 4.

A method of making carbon fiber material according to various embodiments of the present disclosure includes forming a polymer resin to have a polydispersity index (PDI) that is less than approximately 2.5. The method further includes spinning the polymer resin to create an acrylic fiber having an acrylic fiber length. The method further includes oxidizing the acrylic fiber while stretching the acrylic fiber to create an oxidized fiber that has an oxidized fiber length that is at least one of greater than or equal to approximately 100 percent (100%) of the acrylic fiber length. The method further includes carbonizing the oxidized fiber to create a carbon fiber.

A bicycle brake pad includes a friction member and a first support member. The friction member includes a first intermetallic compound. The friction member and the first support member are, at least partially, chemically coupled to each other.

A separator plate for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %Si %+Mn %1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm. The plate is formed by heating, hot rolling, winding and forming.

A clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch having favorable fatigue strength is provided. A separator plate (1) for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %Si %+Mn %1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm.

A sintered friction material, in which a content of a copper component is 0.5 mass % or less, is provided. The sintered friction material includes a titanate and a metal material other than copper, as a matrix. A content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %. A method for manufacturing a sintered friction material is provided. The method includes a mixing step of mixing raw materials containing a titanate and a metal material other than copper, a molding step of molding the raw materials mixed in the mixing step, and a sintering step of sintering, at 900? C. to 1300? C., a molded product molded in the molding step. In the sintered friction material, the titanate and the metal material other than copper form a matrix, and a content of the metal material other than copper is 10.0 volume % to 34.0 volume %.

A friction engagement element has a friction member including resin, and a metal member having a sliding surface slidable on the friction member. The friction member has an aged layer at an outermost layer of the friction member, and a hardened layer in abutment with an inner side of the aged layer in a thickness direction of the friction member. The sliding surface of the metal member has a plurality of recesses, and a transferred film of the aged layer of the friction member transferred and adhered to insides of the plurality of recesses through sliding between the friction member and the metal member.