A damper assembly includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder positioned at least partially within the outer cylinder, a plunger positioned at least partially within the inner cylinder and coupled to a rod, an aperture extending through the rod, an annular piston coupled to the inner cylinder, and a valve assembly. The rod is positioned at least partially within the inner cylinder and has an outer dimension that is smaller than an inner dimension of the inner cylinder. The plunger and an interior of the inner cylinder at least partially define a first chamber. The valve assembly is in fluid communication with the first chamber and a second chamber. The annular piston extends between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the annular piston, an exterior surface of the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder at least partially define the second chamber.

Lateral support elements include an element wall with an exterior surface dimensioned to abuttingly engage an associated flexible wall and an interior surface that at least partially defines an element chamber within the lateral supporting element. Gas spring assemblies include a flexible spring member that at least partially defines a spring chamber. The lateral support element is disposed along and operatively connected to the flexible spring member. The element chamber can, optionally and in some cases, be disposed in fluid communication with the spring chamber. The gas spring assembly can include one or more end members operatively connected to the flexible spring member. Suspension systems and methods of assembly are also included.

Lateral support elements include an element wall with an exterior surface dimensioned to abuttingly engage an associated flexible wall and an interior surface that at least partially defines an element chamber within the lateral supporting element. Gas spring assemblies include a flexible spring member that at least partially defines a spring chamber. The lateral support element is disposed along and operatively connected to the flexible spring member. The element chamber can, optionally and in some cases, be disposed in fluid communication with the spring chamber. The gas spring assembly can include one or more end members operatively connected to the flexible spring member. Suspension systems and methods of assembly are also included.

A gas cylinder includes: a base tube including a cavity; a spindle inserted into the cavity and performing a reciprocating motion in a longitudinal direction of the base tube; a cylinder mounted in the spindle and charged with gas; a piston dividing the cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; a valve portion sealing an upper portion of the cylinder and including a pipe holder having a cavity through which the gas is introduced; a flow prevention portion inserted into the spindle and having an inner surface contacting a surface of the spindle; and a spindle guide disposed between the base tube and the spindle and mounted to include at least a portion of the flow prevention portion.

The first piston body includes a first passage which has a first opening that opens to the first chamber on the coupling surface with the second piston body and extends in the axial direction, and a second passage which has a second opening on the coupling surface, extends in the axial direction and has a third opening that opens to the second chamber, the second piston body is coupled to the first piston body to prevent direct communication with the first chamber of the second opening, the second opening has an inner opening portion that opens further inward in the radial direction than the first opening, and the inner opening portion communicates with a third passage formed in the second piston body.

A pneumatic spring strut for a vehicle is provided including a hydraulic cylinder having a lower end for connection with a suspension system of the vehicle; a hydraulic piston slidably mounted within the hydraulic cylinder; a piston rod connected with the hydraulic piston; a pneumatic spring mount body connected with the hydraulic cylinder; a pneumatic spring bellows having a lower in connected with the pneumatic spring mount body; a top cap encircling the piston rod and being connected with a top end of the spring bellows, and a closing cover twist lock connected with the top cap.

A shock absorber is provided having a cylinder, a piston rod, a piston body, and a valve. The cylinder is configured to receive fluid. The piston body is connected to the piston rod and is configured to reciprocate within the cylinder between a compression chamber and a rebound chamber. The valve is provided by the piston body having a fluid flow port, a valve seat, a circumferential valving element, and a spring configured to urge the valve body into the valve seat. A primary damping valve and an auxiliary damping valve are also provided.

Methods and apparatus for lubricating suspension seals by pumping fluid to the seals using a compression or rebound action of a suspension component.

A method and apparatus for a damper. The damper comprises a fluid chamber having a piston dividing the chamber into a compression and rebound sides, a reservoir in fluid communication with the compression side of the chamber, and an isolator disposed between the compression side and the reservoir, whereby the isolator obstructs fluid flow between the compression side and the reservoir. In one embodiment, a bypass provides a fluid path between the compression side and the isolator.

An assembly for damping switching movements has a housing, which physically surrounds at least one piston, and which at least partly physically surrounds at least one rod. The rod is movable relative to the housing. The piston delimits a first fluid volume, which is fluidically connected to a second fluid volume by way of a throughflow opening. The rod is formed at one end as a hollow tube and physically surrounds the first fluid volume. The piston is guided in the hollow-tubular end of the at least one rod. A method for damping switching movements in a high-voltage circuit breaker includes decreasing a damping rate of the assembly for damping in a period in the time profile of the switching movement, in particular after a previous increase in the damping rate during the switching movement.