A plate spring member having a compressive residual stress distribution its which a compressive residual stress of at least part of a portion having a depth from a surface within 50 μm is 500 MPa or more, and the compressive residual stress of a portion having a depth from the surface exceeding 50 μm is less than 500 MPa.

A frictional damper is designed with a tubular housing having a longitudinal axis, with a tappet, which is displaceable in the housing along the longitudinal axis and is led out at an open end of the housing, with a frictional element lying against the tappet and with a cap attached to the open end of the housing with axial prestressing relative to the longitudinal axis.

An overload protection mechanism includes a first accommodating member, a second accommodating member, a force storage member, and an object. The second accommodating member is rotatably disposed on the first accommodating member. The force storage member is disposed between the first accommodating member and the second accommodating member. Opposite ends of the force storage member are connected to the first accommodating member and the second accommodating member. The object is connected to the second accommodating member. When an external force is exerted on the object and a torque generated by the external force is larger than a torque provided by the force storage member, the external force forces the object to drive the second accommodating member to rotate with respect to the first accommodating member.

A torque adjustment mechanism is provided for use with a torsion spring. The torsion spring is a coil spring having a plurality of helical coils that define a hollow core. A torque adjuster is positioned in the interior of the hollow core of the coil spring. The torque adjuster has a circular collar on one end and a securing flange on the other end. The circular collar is designed to fit into the hollow core of the coil spring. A clamp is positioned over the exterior of the coil spring in alignment with the circular collar. The clamp secures the coil spring to circular. The position of the collar in the spring defines the number of the coils that are active and establishes the level torque provided by the torsion spring.

A coupling system can include an energy transfer device and a load mitigation system. The energy transfer device can include a shaft, gear, chain or piston-cylinder arrangement to transfer the energy from a power supply to an object to be moved. The load mitigation system can be used to limit or prevent the transfer of forces from the object to the drive unit as a result of external loads being applied to the object. The load mitigation system can be pre-loaded such that external loads on the object having an excessive impulsive or resonant cyclic force greater than the pre-load force on the load mitigation system are reduced and only partially transferred to the energy transfer device and power supply. The load mitigation system can dampen both resonant loads and impulsive impact loads occurring at the object thereby preventing damage and extending life.

A system for a projection exposure apparatus which comprises a first component, a second component, and a decoupling device configured to decouple the second component in more than one degree of freedom from mechanical excitations of the first component. The decoupling device comprises first decoupling elements which have a positive stiffness. The decoupling device also comprises second decoupling elements, which have a negative stiffness. The decoupling device further comprises a third component, which is arranged between the first and second components.

Disclosed is a self-centering viscous damper with pre-pressed ring springs. The self-centering viscous damper with pre-pressed ring springs comprises a first inner cylinder, a second inner cylinder, a third inner cylinder, an outer cylinder, a first end cover, a second end cover, a piston, a piston rod, a ring spring, a first connector, a second connector, a first linking nut, a second linking nut, a first outer cover, a second outer cover, a first end and a second end. Due to the interaction between the inner and outer cylinders, the ring springs are further pressed whether a damper is tensioned or pressed. The ring springs have been applied with pre-pressure which overcomes a frictional force and a restoring force when the ring springs are in an initial equilibrium position.

A vibration isolation system for a gas turbine engine. The vibration isolation system includes a first fixed structure and a second fixed structure separate from the first fixed structure. The vibration isolation system further includes a connector coupling the first fixed structure to the second fixed structure. Additionally, the vibration isolation system includes an isolator, including a shape memory alloy material, associated with the connector. The isolator is arranged between the first fixed structure and the second fixed structure such that the isolator reduces vibrations transferred between the first fixed structure and the second fixed structure.

In a power transmission device, a dynamic damper is provided in a power transmission path having at least one damper disposed therein, and has an inertial rotating body that can rotate relative to a transmission rotating member forming part of the power transmission path, and a dynamic damper spring that can provide connection between the transmission rotating member and the inertial rotating body. A preset load is applied to the dynamic damper spring in a non-transmitting state of the power transmission path. The dynamic damper spring is supported on either one of the transmission rotating member and the inertial rotating body so as to apply the preset load to the dynamic damper spring in the non-transmitting state, and a gap is set in a rotational direction in the non-transmitting state between the dynamic damper spring and an other one of the transmission rotating member and the inertial rotating body.

An energy absorbing device includes a first connector and a second connector. The first connector is for connection to the base of a seat back of an aircraft seat and the second connector is for connection to the frame of an aircraft seat. The first connector is moveable relative to the second connector. The energy absorbing device further includes one or more resiliently deformable members which are compressed when the first connector is moved away from the second connector. Also described is a seat comprising the energy absorbing device and a row of seats.