A method of controlling a powertrain of a vehicle is carried out such that during shifting in which a first clutch is released and a second clutch is engaged, whether a current shift phase is a torque phase or an inertia phase is determined. Different cost functions for the torque phase and the inertia phase are predefined. A control input change for minimizing the cost functions in the torque phase and the inertia phase is calculated. At least two among input torque, first clutch torque, or second clutch torque input to a transmission are controlled by applying the control input change calculated for the torque phase and the inertia phase.

The invention relates to a vehicle axle, comprising:—a differential;—a powertrain, comprising a first electric motor (EM1) and a second electric motor (EM2);—a first transmission element between the first electric motor and said differential, this first transmission element comprising a variable transmission ratio;—a second transmission element between the second electric motor and said differential; wherein the second electric motor is controlled so as to provide its maximum power during gear changes of the first transmission element, so as to compensate at least partially for the power loss inherent in the gear change.

An apparatus for diagnosing an automatic transmission for detecting abnormality during driving of a vehicle includes a G-sensor configured to measure a vibration signal including a longitudinal vibration signal, a status detection unit configured to obtain the vibration signal of the G-sensor and status data of transmission and engine sensors of the vehicle, and a controller configured to check an operational element for each shifting operation by using a current shift-stage, a target shift-stage, and a shifting time detected as the status data, measure the longitudinal vibration signal of the G-sensor to calculate fluctuation level of the longitudinal vibration signal for each operational element, and determine a shift shock event when a longitudinal vibration signal value after adjustment based on driving acceleration of the vehicle exceeds a reference value.

An apparatus for diagnosing an automatic transmission for detecting abnormality during driving of a vehicle includes a G-sensor configured to measure a vibration signal including a longitudinal vibration signal, a status detection unit configured to obtain the vibration signal of the G-sensor and status data of transmission and engine sensors of the vehicle, and a controller configured to check an operational element for each shifting operation by using a current shift-stage, a target shift-stage, and a shifting time detected as the status data, measure the longitudinal vibration signal of the G-sensor to calculate fluctuation level of the longitudinal vibration signal for each operational element, and determine a shift shock event when a longitudinal vibration signal value after adjustment based on driving acceleration of the vehicle exceeds a reference value.

A system and method for operating the same includes a drive sprocket assembly, a clutch lever, a user interface generating a reverse signal at a user interface, a wheel speed sensor generating a wheel speed signal, a transmission position sensor generating a transmission position signal and a vehicle control module receiving the reverse signal, the wheel speed signal and the transmission position signal. The vehicle control module engages a reverse gear at a drive sprocket in response to the reverse signal, the wheel speed and transmission gear position and controls the drive sprocket assembly in response to the clutch lever.

A system and method for operating the same includes a drive sprocket assembly, a clutch lever, a user interface generating a reverse signal at a user interface, a wheel speed sensor generating a wheel speed signal, a transmission position sensor generating a transmission position signal and a vehicle control module receiving the reverse signal, the wheel speed signal and the transmission position signal. The vehicle control module engages a reverse gear at a drive sprocket in response to the reverse signal, the wheel speed and transmission gear position and controls the drive sprocket assembly in response to the clutch lever.

A method for serial operation of a motor vehicle with a transmission having a first electric machine, which is operated as a motor for driving the motor vehicle, and a second electric machine, which is operated as a generator, includes, after a generation of a change-over signal, switching the first electric machine from the operation as a motor to the operation as a generator, and switching the second electric machine from the operation as a generator to the operation as a motor in order to drive the motor vehicle.

A method for performing rotational speed synchronisation of a first transmission component having a first initial rotational speed with a second transmission component having a second initial rotational speed, so that they rotate with the same final rotational speed during a gear switch from an initial driving gear to a final driving gear in a stepped gear transmission for a hybrid electric or electric drive train having an electric traction motor. The method including calculating a total frictional work resulting from performing the total rotational speed synchronisation by means of a mechanical synchroniser of the stepped gear transmission only, and if the calculated total frictional work exceeds a maximal frictional work of the mechanical synchroniser, performing the rotational speed synchronisation by means of both the electric traction motor and the mechanical synchroniser.

A method for shifting a transmission in a machine. The method includes detecting a request for a directional shift of the transmission and determining a ground speed of the machine in response to the request. The method further includes overriding the request if the ground speed is above a ground speed threshold. Further, the method includes preparing the machine for the directional shift by limiting an output speed of a power source of the machine and by issuing a command to a brake unit of the machine to reduce the ground speed of the machine. Furthermore, the method includes validating and raising the request to the transmission to execute the directional shift if the ground speed is below the ground speed threshold.

Methods and system are described for changing a driveline gear range from a higher gear range to a lower gear range. The driveline may include two electric machines and four clutches in a four wheel drive configuration. The methods and systems permit a driveline to change from a higher gear range to a lower gear range without stopping a vehicle.