A transport refrigeration unit (TRU) fire detection and mitigation system is provided for use with a TRU that includes a housing and components supportively disposed within the housing that are configured to condition an interior of a container. The TRU fire detection and mitigation system includes a fire detection sub-system and a mitigation sub-system. The fire detection sub-system is partially disposable within the housing and configured to detect a thermal event therein. The mitigation sub-system is coupled to the fire detection sub-system and configured to take a mitigation action responsive to the thermal event being sensed by the fire detection sub-system.

Antifreezes are provided for deployment in wet sprinkler systems located in cold environments. The antifreezes allow for the wet sprinkler system to be actuated under temperatures below 32? F. Wet sprinklers, sprinkler systems, methods of providing for the control, suppression and/or extinguishment of a fire that occur in a cold environment, and methods of preventing wet sprinklers from freezing also are provided. The sprinklers, sprinkler systems and methods can be used in residential, commercial and storage settings.

A connector includes a first member defining a first opening; a second member defining a second opening; and a third member defining a third opening, the first opening, the second opening, and the third opening being centrally connected to define a cavity within the connector. A method for draining a sprinkler assembly includes removing a plug from a third opening of a connector of the sprinkler assembly, a sprinkler body of the sprinkler assembly connected to a first opening of the connector, a flexible conduit of the sprinkler assembly connected to a second opening of the connector; and draining a fluid from the connector and the flexible conduit through the third opening.

A temperature monitoring apparatus includes a temperature sensor and a control circuit. The temperature sensor detects a temperature of a piping system, such as a temperature of water in the piping system. The control circuit includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control circuit to determine whether water in the piping system is expected to freeze based on the indication of the temperature, predict whether a valve tripping event is expected to occur based on determining that the water in the piping system is expected to freeze, and in response to predicting that the valve tripping event is expected to occur, provide a prediction that the valve tripping event is expected to occur for remedial action.

A system to mitigate false trips of a valve that supplies water to a piping system in a fire suppression system includes at least one edge device, a control circuit, and at least one user device. The at least one edge device monitors a parameter corresponding to at least one of a corrosion, a presence of water, a differential pressure across the valve, and a temperature in the piping system of the fire suppression system. The control circuit includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control circuit to receive an indication of the parameter monitored by the at least one edge device, predict whether a valve tripping event is expected to occur based on the received indication, and in response to predicting that the valve tripping event is expected to occur, provide the prediction that the valve tripping event can occur for remedial action. The at least one user device presents display data regarding the prediction.

A temperature monitoring apparatus includes a temperature sensor and a control circuit. The temperature sensor detects a temperature of a piping system, such as a temperature of water in the piping system. The control circuit includes one or more processors and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the control circuit to determine whether water in the piping system is expected to freeze based on the indication of the temperature, predict whether a valve tripping event is expected to occur based on determining that the water in the piping system is expected to freeze, and in response to predicting that the valve tripping event is expected to occur, provide a prediction that the valve tripping event is expected to occur for remedial action.

A water detection apparatus includes a continuity probe, a voltage source that provides a reference voltage, and a control circuit. The control circuit provides the reference voltage to the continuity probe, measures a feedback signal corresponding to the reference voltage at a predetermined location of the fire suppression system, computes a continuity between the continuity probe and the predetermined location based on the feedback signal and the reference voltage, determines whether water is present in a low point of the piping system based on the computed continuity, and predicts whether a valve tripping event is expected to occur based on whether water is present in the low point to provide a detection signal for remedial action to mitigate false trips of the valve based on detecting the water in the low point.

A differential pressure monitoring system includes a differential pressure monitoring device and at least one client device. The differential pressure monitoring device includes a water pressure sensor that detects a water pressure at an inlet of the dry pipe valve, a valve air pressure sensor that detects an air pressure at an outlet of the dry pipe valve, and a control circuit that computes a ratio of the water pressure and the air pressure, predicts whether a valve tripping event is expected to occur based on the computed ratio, and in response to predicting that the valve tripping event is expected to occur, provides a prediction that the valve tripping event is expected to occur for remedial action. The system includes at least one client device that receives the prediction from the control circuit and presents display data regarding the prediction.

Antifreezes are provided for deployment in wet sprinkler systems located in cold environments. The antifreezes allow for the wet sprinkler system to be actuated under temperatures below 32? F. Wet sprinklers, sprinkler systems, methods of providing for the control, suppression and/or extinguishment of a fire that occur in a cold environment, and methods of preventing wet sprinklers from freezing also are provided. The sprinklers, sprinkler systems and methods can be used in residential, commercial and storage settings.

A dry fire protection sprinkler in which, when a ratio of a pressure P1 of a pressurized fluid in a flexible tube to a pressure P3 of the fluid in a fluid supply line is less than a predetermined ratio of at least 3 to 1, a differential pressure controller sends a signal to a control valve to open, in order to allow the pressurized fluid in a pressurized fluid source at a pressure of P2 to enter the flexible tube, and, when the ratio of the pressure P1 of the pressurized fluid in the flexible tube to the pressure P3 of the fluid in the fluid supply line equals the predetermined ratio, the differential pressure controller sends a signal to the control valve to close.