A flame mitigation device (FMD) contained within the neck of a container and configured to allow the fuel nozzle to pass through the FMD. The FMD forming a barrier in the neck of the fill port and capable of constricting the fuel nozzle upon passing through the FMD to inhibit external debris from entering the interior of the portable container and to inhibit fuel from flowing back out of the fill port.

Creation of a protected space in the interior of a vehicle surrounding elements of the vehicle’s fuel system stops subsequent unsafe leakage of fuel and flammable gas into other interior spaces of the vehicle. It limits both the potential for the build-up of flammable gas in the interior of the vehicle and the potential of detonation. The protected space, if used to protect a cryogenic fuel system, also protects against liquefaction occurring. In the event that the protected fuel system has a failure the design will cause forced ventilation to occur to safely vent the protected space and protect the vehicle from the failure.

The present invention includes systems, assemblies, and methodologies for inhibiting combustion within fluid containers, enhancing the safety of such containers. One aspect includes a novel base module from which assemblies of varying shape and size, suitable for disposing within a variety of different fluid containers, are created. In one embodiment, the base module is made from an expanded mesh which is rolled in a novel cylindrical configuration according to a novel methodology. In another embodiment, the base module may be combined with other base modules to form an assembly. The present invention is also directed to an apparatus and method for creating base modules which allows for varying density of the base modules and therefore varying flexural strength and rigidity of the assemblies. As such, the packing density of assemblies within containers may be optimized to produce the desired effect of inhibiting combustion within the container.

A method of performing a selected task in a tank at least partially filled with an energetic substance includes, in part, configuring a mobile platform to be inherently safe by positioning spark-generating components in either or both of: (i) an inherently safe enclosure that prevents a spark occurring inside the inherently safe enclosure from passing to an exterior of the inherently safe enclosure, and (ii) a spark-neutralizing body formed of at least one non-flammable substance and positioned inside an enclosure, the spark-neutralizing body blocking direct contact between a spark from the enclosed spark-generating component and an energetic substance from occurring inside the at least one enclosure. The method also includes positioning at least one spark-generating component not inside any inherently safe enclosure that prevents a spark occurring inside the inherently safe enclosure from passing to an exterior of the inherently safe enclosure. The sparks are capable of igniting the energetic substances.

A method of fire suppression may include injecting a reactive agent into a reaction zone to produce a catalytically active species for fire suppression and conveying the catalytically active species to a fire to catalytically interfere with flame chemistry of the fire. Fire in a fuel tank may be suppressed by injecting the reactive agent into a convective flow of a mixture of fuel and oxidizer in a fuel tank, the reactive agent reacting in the fuel tank to release a species which catalytically interferes with flame chemistry to suppress fire in the fuel tank. Fire at an airplane crash may be suppressed by releasing the reactive agent from the container at the crash site to produce an active species to catalytically interfere with a fire at the crash site.

A fire protection containment unit for protection of an intermediate bulk container (IBC) having an internal flame and drain barrier disposed above a basin portion of the containment unit. The barrier includes pans having an impact surface that is angled to drain toward a central grid of the barrier to direct escaped liquid from the IBC into the basin portion of the containment unit. The basin portion includes a base surface on an incline to define a pooling region of the containment unit to collect escaped liquid from the IBC. The containment unit includes containment walls which define various configurations of the containment unit including an open configuration, partially open configuration, a completely contained configuration and a packaged configuration.

An air separation module includes a canister, a separator, and a first end cap. The canister has an interior, a first open end in fluid communication with the interior of the canister, and a second end opposite the first open end of the canister. The separator is arranged within the interior of the canister, the separator fluidly coupling the second open end of the canister with the first open end of the canister. The first end cap has a one-piece first end cap body, is fixed to the first open end of the canister and has a first flange portion and a first aircraft-mounting portion. The canister supported by the first aircraft-mounting portion through the first flange portion of the one-piece first end cap body without an intermediate support structure. Nitrogen generation systems and methods of making nitrogen generation systems are also described.

The present application is provided with a fluid storage apparatus of a battery pack, including: a box, where the box has an inner cavity; a partition member, where the partition member is located in the inner cavity of the box, and the partition member divides the box into a fluid storage portion and a gas storage portion. The fluid storage portion is used to store spraying liquid and the fluid storage portion has a fluid outlet; the gas storage portion is used to store gas and the gas storage portion has a fluid inlet. And the partition member is configured to move toward the fluid outlet under the action of compressed gas in the gas storage portion.

A multi-function tank tool including a body, an internal passageway, an upper end and a lower end. The lower end is configured to connect a hose so that a fluid travels in the internal passageway. The upper end includes at least one opening communicating with an interior of the tank. A first hose can be connected to a lower end of the body. The tank may have oil, vapor and an oil/vapor interface. The tank tool can perform at least one of the following: grounding an interior of the tank using at least the tank tool and the first hose; agitating one or more fluids traveling through the internal passageway to mix the one or more fluids traveling through the internal passageway; directing a hot oil adjacent the oil/vapor interface using at least the tank tool and the first hose; and, attaching the tool to a floating tank roof

Fuel tank inerting systems and methods for aircraft are provided. The systems include a fuel tank, a first reactant source fluidly connected to the fuel tank, the first source arranged to receive fuel from the fuel tank, a second reactant source, a catalytic reactor arranged to receive a first reactant from the first source and a second reactant from the second source to generate an inert gas that is supplied to the fuel tank to fill a ullage space of the fuel tank, and an inert gas recycling system located downstream of the catalytic reactor and upstream of the fuel tank, wherein the inert gas recycling system is arranged to direct a portion of the inert gas to the catalytic reactor.