A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

An assembly including a ceramic body. The assembly comprises a tungsten coupling attached to the ceramic body with a first joint that forms a first helium tight seal between the ceramic body and the tungsten coupling and where the first helium tight seal maintains its integrity at a temperature over 400 C. The assembly includes a metal body attached to the tungsten coupling with a second joint that forms a second helium tight seal between the metal body and the tungsten coupling and where the second helium tight seal maintains its integrity at a temperature over 400 C. A method. A mixture. A coupling.

The element joint is obtained by joining: a long pipe; a short pipe made of a quality of material having a strength equal to or higher than a strength of the long pipe; and a plate material made of a quality of material having a strength equal to or higher than a strength of the short pipe. In the element joint, at least one member of the long pipe and the short pipe includes a pipe-shaped portion, and the pipe-shaped portion of the one member is pipe-expanded and joined to the other member by press-fitting. The short pipe and the plate material are welded to each other.

The element joint is obtained by joining: a long pipe; a short pipe made of a quality of material having a strength equal to or higher than a strength of the long pipe; and a plate material made of a quality of material having a strength equal to or higher than a strength of the short pipe. In the element joint, at least one member of the long pipe and the short pipe includes a pipe-shaped portion, and the pipe-shaped portion of the one member is pipe-expanded and joined to the other member by press-fitting. The short pipe and the plate material are welded to each other.

A refrigerant pipe constituting a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration apparatus, includes: a pipe body made of stainless steel; and a first connecting tube made of copper or a copper alloy and that is configured to connect a first different refrigerant pipe to the refrigerant pipe. The first connecting tube is connected to an outer circumferential surface of a first end of the pipe body in a pipe axis direction of the pipe body. The first connecting tube overlaps with the pipe body in a pipe diameter direction in an entirety of the first connecting tube in the pipe axis direction.

A refrigerant pipe constituting a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration apparatus, includes: a pipe body made of stainless steel; and a first connecting tube made of copper or a copper alloy and that is configured to connect a first different refrigerant pipe to the refrigerant pipe. The first connecting tube is connected to an outer circumferential surface of a first end of the pipe body in a pipe axis direction of the pipe body. The first connecting tube overlaps with the pipe body in a pipe diameter direction in an entirety of the first connecting tube in the pipe axis direction.

Embodiments of the invention relate to the construction of a sealed connection between an elastomeric or synthetic polymer flexible pipe or hose and a metallic coupling member. The coupling member surrounds an armor layer at a free end of the flexible pipe or hose. A sealing area is defined by a recessed portion of the pipe coupling into which a sealing material is introduced. An inner layer of the flexible pipe or hose may extend into the sealing area where it is bonded to the sealing material. The sealing material and the inner liner layer may each be comprised of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic material. Furthermore, a reinforcement material is provided in the inner layer.

Embodiments of the invention relate to the construction of a sealed connection between an elastomeric or synthetic polymer flexible pipe or hose and a metallic coupling member. The coupling member surrounds an armor layer at a free end of the flexible pipe or hose. A sealing area is defined by a recessed portion of the pipe coupling into which a sealing material is introduced. An inner layer of the flexible pipe or hose may extend into the sealing area where it is bonded to the sealing material. The sealing material and the inner liner layer may each be comprised of a semi-crystalline thermoplastic material. Furthermore, a reinforcement material is provided in the inner layer.

A resin tube is prepared. Further, a formation tool having a pressing surface and a projection that projects from the pressing surface and is insertable into the resin tube is prepared. The projection of the formation tool is inserted from an end of the resin tube into the resin tube. The pressing surface of the formation tool is pressed against an end surface of the resin tube. Thermal energy is applied to the end of the resin tube, whereby a shape of the pressing surface of the formation tool is transferred to the end surface of the resin tube, and the end of the resin tube is formed into a flange shape.