Wet fire protection systems and methods for the protection of a stored commodity are provided. The system includes a supply portion coupled to a water supply and a demand portion including a plurality of sprinklers disposed above the commodity with each sprinkler having an operating pressure range. The plurality of sprinklers are interconnected by a network of pipes filled with water to provide each sprinkler with an initial pressure of water. A pressure control assembly is disposed between the supply portion and the demand portion to withhold fluid pressure from the supply portion from pressurizing the demand portion for a predetermined withholding period following actuation of at least one sprinkler in response to a fire.

Multi-story retrofitting building escape units. In aspects, the units are prefabricated and may be stacked. In embodiments, water or other fire-deterrent liquid or foam may be stored or delivered in tubular legs of the unit or tubes with in the legs. A hose or other mechanism to apply the water or other liquid is located in one more units. Each unit comprises stairs that link up with stairs on units above or below so occupants can climb down, for example, and emergency personnel can climb up, for example. In aspects, one or more walls of the unit are fire walls or otherwise fire-retardant, fire-proof, or fire-resistant.

A building system comprising a plurality of tubes, a plurality of connection nodes comprising tubular sections for connection to the tubes, wherein the tubes are arranged to connect between the connection nodes to form a frame for a building, wherein at least one continuous cavity is formed through at least a portion of the nodes and tubes when the nodes and tubes are connected, the building system further comprising fluid tight seals between the tubes and connection nodes to enable fluid to flow through the at least one continuous cavity.

A wet pipe fire protection sprinkler system and method of operating a wet pipe fire sprinkler system includes providing a sprinkler system having a pipe network, a source of water for the pipe network, at least one sprinkler head connected with the pipe network and a drain valve for draining the pipe network. An inert gas source, such as a nitrogen gas source, is connected with the pipe network. Inert gas is supplied from the inert gas source to the pipe network. Water is supplied to the pipe network thereby substantially filling the pipe network with water and compressing the inert gas in the pipe network.

A wet pipe fire protection sprinkler system and method of operating a wet pipe fire sprinkler system includes providing a sprinkler system having a pipe network, a source of water for the pipe network, at least one sprinkler head connected with the pipe network and a drain valve for draining the pipe network. An inert gas source, such as a nitrogen gas source, is connected with the pipe network. Inert gas is supplied from the inert gas source to the pipe network. Water is supplied to the pipe network thereby substantially filling the pipe network with water and compressing the inert gas in the pipe network.

A fire extinguishing equipment with improved characteristics which includes a pressure-resistant storage body with an internal space that houses a fire extinguishing composition. A monitoring unit is connected to the storage body to measure and regulate one or more physical characteristics. At least one discharge outlet is in communication with the internal space of the storage body and is configured to discharge the fire-extinguishing composition from the internal space to a use location. A charging inlet is disposed within the storage body and is configured to fill the internal space with the fire-extinguishing composition. An extinguishing-launching part-unit is inserted into a pipe section between the use location and the discharge outlet.

Antifreezes are provided for deployment in wet sprinkler systems located in cold environments. The antifreezes allow for the wet sprinkler system to be actuated under temperatures below 32° F. Wet sprinklers, sprinkler systems, methods of providing for the control, suppression and/or extinguishment of a fire that occur in a cold environment, and methods of preventing wet sprinklers from freezing also are provided. The sprinklers, sprinkler systems and methods can be used in residential, commercial and storage settings.

Antifreezes are provided for deployment in wet sprinkler systems located in cold environments. The antifreezes allow for the wet sprinkler system to be actuated under temperatures below 32° F. Wet sprinklers, sprinkler systems, methods of providing for the control, suppression and/or extinguishment of a fire that occur in a cold environment, and methods of preventing wet sprinklers from freezing also are provided. The sprinklers, sprinkler systems and methods can be used in residential, commercial and storage settings.

A protective device includes a pipe in a pipe system for transmission of a flow of a fluid from an upstream end of the pipe system to a downstream end of the pipe system. The devices includes a pipe insert, disposed within the pipe system between the upstream and downstream ends. The pipe insert has a cylindrical body. A valve is within the pipe insert and is moveable between open and closed positions. The open position opens the pipe insert, enabling transmission of the flow of the fluid, and the closed position occludes the pipe insert, disabling transmission of the flow of the fluid. A sensor is within the pipe insert for disposition within the flow of the fluid to detect a target compound in the pipe insert. The valve moves from the open position to the closed position when the sensor detects the target compound.

Fire extinguishing equipment includes an ORC cycle configured to circulate a fire extinguishing agent as a working medium and at least one fire extinguishing agent supply line. The ORC cycle includes a condenser provided on the ORC cycle and configured to liquefy a gaseous fire extinguishing agent that is the fire extinguishing agent in a gas state, a booster pump provided on a downstream side of the condenser on the ORC cycle and configured to pressurize a liquid fire extinguishing agent obtained by liquefying the gaseous fire extinguishing agent in the condenser, a vaporizer provided on a downstream side of the booster pump on the ORC cycle and configured to vaporize the liquid fire extinguishing agent, and an expansion turbine provided on a downstream side of the vaporizer and on an upstream side of the condenser on the ORC cycle and configured to be driven by a gaseous fire extinguishing agent obtained by vaporizing the liquid fire extinguishing agent. The at least one fire extinguishing agent supply line is configured to extract at least one of the liquid fire extinguishing agent or the gaseous fire extinguishing agent from the ORC cycle and supply the at least one of the liquid fire extinguishing agent or the gaseous fire extinguishing agent to at least one fire prevention object.