A method for forming a pipe elbow comprises cutting a first precursor from a pipe. The pipe has an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface and a central longitudinal axis. The first precursor has a first end and a second end off parallel to the first end. Machining forms an interior surface having an arcuate centerline. Machining forms welding interfaces at the first end and the second end.

The inventors idea originated from the inventor's personal experience doing plumbing work and encountering much difficulty using the conventional cylinder PVC connector. It occurred to the inventor that there had to be a better option. The other options that are available are much more expensive and less reliable and do not resemble in any way the inventor's PVC Coupling Connector. The essence of the idea, or what is new in the art of the idea, is not so much the design as shown on FIG. 1 but the concept of using two halves to serve the same purpose of the conventional PVC connector and obtaining the same results.

A repair system for repairing a polyolefin pipe containing a transitional film applied over and bonded to the pipe and a reinforcement system, applied over the transitional film. The transitional film has a first side adapted to bond to polyolefins and the reinforcement system contains a fiber-reinforced polyurethane system bonded to the second side of the transitional film. A system two polyolefin tubular members joined end-to-end containing two tubular members arranged such that their respective ends are adjacent, thereby defining a circumferential joint, a transitional film applied and bonded to the circumferential joint and at least a portion of the two tubular members, and a reinforcement system applied over the transitional film. The transitional film has a first side adapted to bond to polyolefins and the reinforcement system contains a fiber-reinforced polyurethane or a fiber-reinforced epoxy system bonded to the second side of the transitional film.

A tubing and junction assembly and method of making the same are disclosed. The assembly includes a shell having a bore extending from a first opening to a second opening, and a third opening extending from an exterior surface of the shell to a first end portion of the bore. A tubing is seated within the bore. A bonding agent is disposed between the tubing and the shell. The method of making the tubing and junction assembly includes forming or providing a shell, inserting an end of the tubing through the first opening into the shell, inserting a bonding agent through the third opening of the shell into a gap between the tubing and the shell, and curing the bonding agent to join the tubing to the shell.

An apparatus and method for joining pipes includes a plate for melting mating surfaces of the pipes to be joined. Additionally, the apparatus utilizes a vacuum in order to push the first and second pipes together in lieu of hand or mechanical pressure which may be inconsistent. Additionally, the vacuum allows the pipes to be joined to settle on each other in order to create a pressure about a periphery of the end of the pipe being joined to the other pipe. The consistent pressure creates a very strong joint between the first and second pipes.

An apparatus and method for joining pipes includes a plate for melting mating surfaces of the pipes to be joined. Additionally, the apparatus utilizes a vacuum in order to push the first and second pipes together in lieu of hand or mechanical pressure which may be inconsistent. Additionally, the vacuum allows the pipes to be joined to settle on each other in order to create a pressure about a periphery of the end of the pipe being joined to the other pipe. The consistent pressure creates a very strong joint between the first and second pipes.

A tube connector made from a polyamide composition, the polyamide composition including at least one first polyamide A having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom C.sub.A and at least one second polyamide B having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom C.sub.B, wherein C.sub.A≤8.5 and C.sub.B≥7.5, and wherein C.sub.A<C.sub.B. The composition may include a third polyamide C having an average number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom C.sub.C, wherein C.sub.B≤C.sub.C.

A fluid interaction device for establishing an interaction with a fluid, particularly a brake fluid or a fuel fluid. A housing member accommodates a fluid interaction portion. The fluid interaction portion is adapted to interact with a fluid within the housing member. The housing member further comprises a connection portion which can be connected to a fluid supply element. The connection portion is formed as a weldable, tubular end portion so that the housing member can be connected to a joining portion of the fluid supply element by means of a welded joint.

A fluid interaction device for establishing an interaction with a fluid, particularly a brake fluid or a fuel fluid. A housing member accommodates a fluid interaction portion. The fluid interaction portion is adapted to interact with a fluid within the housing member. The housing member further comprises a connection portion which can be connected to a fluid supply element. The connection portion is formed as a weldable, tubular end portion so that the housing member can be connected to a joining portion of the fluid supply element by means of a welded joint.

Disclosed are a structure of a composite flexible pipeline for crude oil and natural gas transportation, a laying method therefor, and a transportation method for crude oil or natural gas. The transportation method is a method for transporting crude oil or natural gas through a pipeline comprising a multilayer structure having at least one barrier resin layer. The barrier resin layer comprises an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin as a main component. A pipeline for the transportation method, and a laying method for the pipeline. Through a pipeline which does not have corrosion concern and has excellent acid resistance and acid gas barrier properties, a method for safely transporting crude oil or natural gas is provided without leak of hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon gas to the external environment.