A vacuum insulation material including: a core material; and a gas adsorbing agent, wherein the core material and the gas absorbing agent are interposed between a pair of gas barrier materials, wherein at least one of the pair of gas barrier materials includes a quasicrystal metal layer including a quasicrystal metal. The vacuum insulation material may reduce the heat bridge while maintaining high gas barrier properties.

A vacuum insulation material including: a core material; and a gas adsorbing agent, wherein the core material and the gas absorbing agent are interposed between a pair of gas barrier materials, wherein at least one of the pair of gas barrier materials includes a quasicrystal metal layer including a quasicrystal metal. The vacuum insulation material may reduce the heat bridge while maintaining high gas barrier properties.

A thermally insulated transfer line for a deep-cooled fluid. The thermally insulated transfer line includes a process line for conduction of the deep-cooled fluid, an insulation envelope lying radially outside the process line and extending in a longitudinal direction of the process line, and an insulation space between the process line and the insulation envelope. The process line and the insulation envelope, at least in portions along a length in a longitudinal direction of the thermally insulated transfer line, have a U-shape, or a V-shape, or meandering form, or a helical form.

A thermally insulated transfer line for a deep-cooled fluid. The thermally insulated transfer line includes a process line for conduction of the deep-cooled fluid, an insulation envelope lying radially outside the process line and extending in a longitudinal direction of the process line, and an insulation space between the process line and the insulation envelope. The process line and the insulation envelope, at least in portions along a length in a longitudinal direction of the thermally insulated transfer line, have a U-shape, or a V-shape, or meandering form, or a helical form.

A hollow-cylindrical heat shield includes at least one graphite foil and at least one fiber structure, preferably a wound fiber structure, disposed on the outer side of the at least one graphite foil. The (wound) fiber structure has a degree of coverage of less than 100%. A high-temperature furnace or gas converter having a heat shield is also provided.

A hollow-cylindrical heat shield includes at least one graphite foil and at least one fiber structure, preferably a wound fiber structure, disposed on the outer side of the at least one graphite foil. The (wound) fiber structure has a degree of coverage of less than 100%. A high-temperature furnace or gas converter having a heat shield is also provided.

A membrane for installation circumferentially about a pipe includes: (a) a substrate including: (i) a panel having an underside surface on an underside of the substrate for facing the pipe and a topside surface on a topside of the substrate opposite the underside, (ii) a plurality of underside protrusions projecting form the underside surface for supporting the panel radially apart from the pipe; and (iii) a plurality of topside protrusions projecting from the topside surface. The membrane further includes (b) a foam layer extending over the topside of the substrate; and (c) a heat-reflecting layer extending over the foam layer.

A membrane for installation circumferentially about a pipe includes: (a) a substrate including: (i) a panel having an underside surface on an underside of the substrate for facing the pipe and a topside surface on a topside of the substrate opposite the underside, (ii) a plurality of underside protrusions projecting form the underside surface for supporting the panel radially apart from the pipe; and (iii) a plurality of topside protrusions projecting from the topside surface. The membrane further includes (b) a foam layer extending over the topside of the substrate; and (c) a heat-reflecting layer extending over the foam layer.

This thermal insulation material is provided with: thermal insulation layers, each of which has a porous structure having a skeleton that is composed of a plurality of particles connected with each other, while having pores inside and hydrophobic portions at least on the surface among the surface and the inside; and a pair of functional layers which are arranged on both sides of the thermal insulation layers in the thickness direction. The pair of functional layers have the same properties that include at least one of fire resistance and radiant heat dissipation properties.

Composite materials with adjustable spectral properties comprised of IR-reflecting micro-domains overlaying an IR-transparent elastomeric matrix, and capable of dynamically controlling IR radiation transmission are described, as well as methods of fabrication thereof. Systems with capabilities to regulate IR radiation (including heat) transmission based thereon, and methods of regulating IR radiation transmission (including thermal regulation) using the same are also provided.