Provided is a vacuum adiabatic module. The vacuum adiabatic module include an inner cover corresponding to an inner space, an outer cover corresponding to an outer space, the outer cover being provided to be larger than the inner cover, a vacuum space which is defined as inner spaces of the outer cover and the inner cover and is in a vacuum state, and a conductive resistance sheet provided on a connection portion between the inner cover and the outer cover to resist to thermal conduction. According to this embodiment, the vacuum adiabatic module may be more conveniently applied to the refrigerator and easily handled to easily fabricate the refrigerator.

An insulation material comprising an insulation material substrate with a substrate surface, the insulation material further having a plurality of protrusions affixed to or integrated into substrate surface, each protrusion having an abutting surface distal to a protrusion base and a protrusion body connecting the abutting surface and the protrusion base, and each protrusion having an abutting surface height of at least 2 mm, wherein the abutting surface height is the shortest distance between the plane of the abutting surface and the plane of the protrusion base.

An insulation material comprising an insulation material substrate with a substrate surface, the insulation material further having a plurality of protrusions affixed to or integrated into substrate surface, each protrusion having an abutting surface distal to a protrusion base and a protrusion body connecting the abutting surface and the protrusion base, and each protrusion having an abutting surface height of at least 2 mm, wherein the abutting surface height is the shortest distance between the plane of the abutting surface and the plane of the protrusion base.

A method includes forming fluid conduit inside a heat shield in an additive manufacturing process, removing powder from an interior passage of the fluid conduit and from an insulation gap defined between the fluid conduit and the heat shield, separating the heat shield and fluid conduit from the build platform, and shifting the fluid conduit to a shifted position relative to the heat shield. The method includes securing the fluid conduit to the heat shield in the shifted position.

A securing device includes at least one rigid ring configured to encircle the pipe, and at least one securing system, rigid and distinct from the ring, including a body which has a first contact face configured to be pressed firmly against and secured to a surface of a structure, and at least one groove in which the ring is housed, the groove being configured to allow the securing system to slide with respect to the ring in a direction of sliding along the ring, while being immobile or near-immobile relative to the ring in a plane perpendicular to the direction of sliding.

A securing device includes at least one rigid ring configured to encircle the pipe, and at least one securing system, rigid and distinct from the ring, including a body which has a first contact face configured to be pressed firmly against and secured to a surface of a structure, and at least one groove in which the ring is housed, the groove being configured to allow the securing system to slide with respect to the ring in a direction of sliding along the ring, while being immobile or near-immobile relative to the ring in a plane perpendicular to the direction of sliding.

A saddle includes an arcuate central portion defining a first end and a second end opposite the first end; a first flange portion bent radially inward from the arcuate central portion at the first end; and a second flange portion bend radially inward from the arcuate central portion at the second end.

An apparatus for shrouding the coated field joint area of connected line pipe segments, the shroud having first and second housing halves which have end walls which cooperate to form registering openings matching the diameter of the pipe to be shrouded, the housing halves forming a chamber. The housing can be of a clamshell design, being hinged on one side and having hasps, latches or the like on the other side to keep the shroud positioned once it is placed around the coated field joint area of a pipeline. An environment monitor is disposed in the chamber to measure conditions such as relative humidity and temperature.

An apparatus for shrouding the coated field joint area of connected line pipe segments, the shroud having first and second housing halves which have end walls which cooperate to form registering openings matching the diameter of the pipe to be shrouded, the housing halves forming a chamber. The housing can be of a clamshell design, being hinged on one side and having hasps, latches or the like on the other side to keep the shroud positioned once it is placed around the coated field joint area of a pipeline. An environment monitor is disposed in the chamber to measure conditions such as relative humidity and temperature.

Provided are thermal insulation components, the thermal insulation component extending in the direction of a major axis and the thermal insulation component comprising: an inner wall, the inner wall defining a lumen therein, the lumen having a centerline; an outer wall, the outer wall encircling the inner wall, the outer wall having a plurality of corrugations, the inner wall and the outer wall defining an insulating space therebetween, the insulating space optionally being evacuated; and at least one engagement feature configured to secure the component to an outlet, the engagement feature being arranged such that a line extending radially outward from the centerline of the lumen passes through the engagement feature without passing through the insulating space. Also provided are related methods.