A forest fire retardant composition contains water and a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or combinations thereof. The halide salt may be magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, or both. The magnesium chloride hydrate has a formula MgCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of x=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12. The calcium chloride hydrate has a formula CaCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of 1, 2, 4, or 6. The composition may be in the form of a liquid concentrate or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

The present invention provides a composition of a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent that reduces a burden on the environment and is suitable for extinguishment and fire-spread prevention (re-ignition prevention) of large-scale fire(s), such as a forest fire, and a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent using this composition. The composition of a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent and the fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent relating to the present invention are characterized by containing salt of phosphorus, potassium salt and a dispersion medium.

A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a phosphate salt. The phosphate salt may include diammonium phosphate, diammonium orthophosphate, monoammonium phosphate, monoammonium orthophosphate, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, disodium phosphate hydrate, sodium ammonium phosphate, sodium ammonium phosphate hydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, or dipotassium phosphate, and combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include an ammonium source. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

Systems and compositions for suppressing and extinguishing several classes of fire, e.g. Class D, fires are disclosed. The composition includes some form of powdered Aloe vera, a bio-surfactant, a thickening agent, and a diol. The composition may be mixed with paint to coat a structure thus protecting the structure from fire. The composition may also be mixed with epoxy resin for coating a structure also for fire protection. The composition may also be in the form of a gel in canisters for extinguishing fire.

A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a sulfate salt, or combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include at least one anhydrous salt and at least one hydrate salt. The sulfate salt may be magnesium sulfate. The magnesium sulfate hydrate has a formula MgSO.sub.4(H.sub.2O).sub.x, where x is about 1 to about 11. For example, x may be equal to at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 or 11. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

A method of preparing a fire extinguishing core-shell microcapsule by a one-pot oil-in-oil/ water emulsion technique. The method includes dissolving a fluid fluoroketone or hydrofluorocarbon fire extinguishing core material and a polymer shell material into a volatile solvent to form a composite mixture. The composite solution is emulsified into a polar phase and a non-polar phase by adjusting a concentration of a surfactant or via mechanical agitation to provide interfacial tension tuning. The volatile solvent is evaporated to precipitate a microcapsule having a fire extinguishing material core and a polymer shell. In a further aspect, the method includes incorporating the core-shell microcapsules in a polymer matrix.

A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include at least one anhydrous salt and at least one hydrate salt. The halide salt may be magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, or both. The magnesium chloride hydrate has a formula MgCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of x=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12. The calcium chloride hydrate has a formula CaCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of 1, 2, 4, or 6. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

Described herein are liquid fire retardant concentrate compositions comprising mixtures of ammonium phosphate fire retardants. Specifically, liquid fire retardant concentrate compositions comprising one or more of monoammonium phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are described herein. The ammonium phosphate fire retardant(s) is typically suspended and/or dissolved in a liquid, typically with the fire retardant(s) incorporated into the composition in powder, or granular form. In certain aspects of the present invention, the compositions provided may exhibit one or more advantages as compared to current liquid concentrate fire retardants, including enhanced strength (i.e., a higher proportion of fire retardant component per unit volume), reduced toxicity, and/or reduced corrosion.

The invention provides a drag reducer having an excellent frictional drag-reducing effect on an aqueous medium and the like and also provides a fire-extinguishing agent including this drag reducer. The drag reducer according to the present invention includes a polyalkylene oxide aqueous dispersion that includes a polyalkylene oxide, aluminum oxide, an electrolyte, and water, and that has the polyalkylene oxide dispersed therein. The drag reducer has an excellent frictional drag-reducing effect on an aqueous medium and the like.

Provided is an aqueous fire extinguishing agent, and more particularly, an aqueous fire extinguishing agent which includes a non-electrolyte material, an anti-freezing agent, a silicone surfactant, and water and is adaptable to electrical fires. The aqueous fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is applicable to electrical fires and thus can effectively replace conventional powder fire extinguishers or gas-based fire extinguishers, and is eco-friendly in that it is harmless to the human body and the environment and does not cause secondary pollution due to powder or gas after use.