Systems and methods for recovery, storing and utilizing heat energy during compressed gas energy storage are disclosed. In an example, a system for storing energy in a form of compressed gas, comprising: one or more energy storage vessels for storing compressed gas, said energy storage vessels each comprising: a wellbore provided in a subsurface; and a casing placed within the wellbore and cemented to a surrounding geological medium, the casing defining a volumetric space for storing the compressed gas; and a geothermal reservoir formed at the surrounding geological medium of the one or more energy storage vessels for underground thermal energy storage, wherein a portion of thermal energy of the compressed gas stored in the one or more storage vessels is conductively transferred to, via the one or more storage vessels, the surrounding geological medium, and stored in the surrounding geological medium.

Chemical stick receiving pressure vessel includes a housing having a body portion. Body portion forming a first opening at a first end and forming a second opening at a second end. Cap operable to close the first opening, wherein the cap forms an outlet. Plurality of stick receiving tubes mounted inside the body portion, wherein the stick receiving tubes are operable to receive chemical treatment sticks; a base portion being coupled to the second opening, wherein the base portion is operable to be placed on the ground and within a predefined proximity to a wellhead. Inlet formed on the side surface of the base portion. Fluid enters the inlet from the well-head and passes through the plurality of stick receiving tubes before exiting through the outlet to be placed in the annulus between the casing and tubing of the wellbore.

A compressed gas energy storage system may include an accumulator for containing a layer of compressed gas atop a layer of liquid. A gas conduit may have an upper end in communication with a gas compressor/expander subsystem and a lower end in communication with accumulator interior for conveying compressed gas into the compressed gas layer of the accumulator when in use. A shaft may have an interior for containing a quantity of a liquid and may be fluidly connectable to a liquid source/sink via a liquid supply conduit. A partition may cover may separate the accumulator interior from the shaft interior. An internal accumulator force may act on the inner surface of the partition and the liquid within the shaft may exert an external counter force on the outer surface of the partition, whereby a net force acting on the partition is less than the accumulator force.

A compressed gas energy storage system may include an accumulator for containing a layer of compressed gas atop a layer of liquid. A gas conduit may have an upper end in communication with a gas compressor/expander subsystem and a lower end in communication with accumulator interior for conveying compressed gas into the compressed gas layer of the accumulator when in use. A shaft may have an interior for containing a quantity of a liquid and may be fluidly connectable to a liquid source/sink via a liquid supply conduit. A partition may cover may separate the accumulator interior from the shaft interior. An internal accumulator force may act on the inner surface of the partition and the liquid within the shaft may exert an external counter force on the outer surface of the partition, whereby a net force acting on the partition is less than the accumulator force.

A system for storing air at high pressure underground or underwater includes a plurality of arrays of air tanks, each tank configured to store compressed air at a pressure of at least 40 bar. A piping system connects between an outlet of each air tank, the piping system further including at least one central port for delivering compressed air to and from a respective array. A storage receptacle surrounds the arrays and piping system, protecting the arrays and piping system from an external environment, and thermally insulating the arrays and piping system. A liquid bath is arranged within the storage receptacle. A heat exchanger is configured to maintain a temperature of the liquid bath substantially constant. The storage receptacle may be comprised of plastic pieces welded together in a modular fashion. Each piece may be a cylindrical tube configured to receive therein one or more of the arrays.

Method and apparatus for blending first and second fuels for use by a combustion mechanism, such as a motor vehicle. The first and second fuels are stored in storage vessels of a fuel storage pod in a fuel storage ratio of total respective volumes established by a storage controller circuit of a storage module responsive to a predicted demand level. A blended fuel ratio is selected by a blend controller circuit of a blend module in response to an imminent demand parameter of a selected combustion mechanism, with the blended fuel ratio being different from the fuel storage ratio. A blend of the first and second fuels is thereafter dispensed to the selected combustion mechanism at the blended fuel ratio. The first fuel may be hydrogen (H2), and the second fuel may be a selected hydrocarbon, such as propane, butane, methane, hexane, gasoline or diesel.

Method and apparatus for adaptively adjusting the storage of fuels for use in a fuel blending process. First and second fuels are stored in storage vessels at an initial volumetric fuel storage ratio. A storage controller executes a performance strategy to adaptively adjust at least one storage parameter in response to a predicted or detected change in operating conditions of the system. The performance strategy can include increasing a storage pressure of at least one of the fuels and/or changing a total number of storage vessels used to store the respective fuels. A dispensing mechanism transfers a blended fuel formed from the first and second fuels in accordance with the execution of the performance strategy. The fuels can take a variety of forms including hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), hydrocarbons, etc. The blended fuel may be dispensed by a fueling station to a motor vehicle.

Embodiments provide systems and methods for taking power from an electric power grid and converting it into higher-pressure natural gas for temporary storage. After temporary storage, the higher-pressure natural gas may be expanded through an expansion engine to drive a generator that converts energy from the expanding natural gas into electrical power, which may then be returned to the electric power grid. In this way, the disclosed systems and methods may provide ways to temporarily store, and then return stored power from the electric power grid. Preferably, the components of the system are co-located at the same natural gas storage facility. This allows natural gas storage, electrical energy storage, and electrical energy generation to take place at the same facility.

A subsea vessel includes an outer layer of non-corrosive material and an inner layer of high-strength material that both corroborate in a subsea environment to withstand external pressure and prevent corrosion. The subsea vessel further includes a cavity surrounded by the inner layer and outer layer for providing storage in and protection from the subsea environment. The cavity is accessible via an opening that extends through the inner layer and the outer layer. The opening can be opened and closed with a cooperating cap that impermeably seals the cavity. The cap may include a number or connection mechanisms for being selectively secured to the opening. In addition, the cap may include a portion formed of a high-strength material and a portion formed of a non-corrosive material.

Disclosed is a pressure vessel for storing gas. The pressure vessel for storing gas includes a body provided with a hollow portion and configured in a cylindrical shape having a constant thickness along an axial direction thereof; a pair of caps provided with respective injection holes formed through the caps along the axial direction, having threads on an outer circumferential surface thereof, and engaging to both ends of the body to close the body tightly; a flange coupled to each end of the body, the flange having a central opening; and a metal wire wound on an outer surface of the body to strengthen the body. In addition, one end of the wire is fixed on the outer surface of the body by soldering and an opposite end of the wire is fixed on the wire wound on the body by soldering.