Metal Organic Framework (MOF) materials and methods of making MOF materials. The methods include grinding of mixtures of metal hydroxide(s) and ligand(s). The MOF materials may have at least two different ligands. The MOF materials may have open metal sites. The MOF materials can be used in gas storage applications.

A storage vessel includes a plurality of storage cells arranged in series. The storage vessel defines a first port that opens into at least one of the storage cells. A fill conduit is connected to the storage vessel at the port. A valve is connected with the fill conduit and is configured to control a supply of fluid through the fill conduit to fill the storage vessel. A heat sink is disposed in the storage vessel and is configured to reduce heat of the fluid during the fill of the storage vessel.

A carbon pyrolyzate material is disclosed, having utility as an adsorbent as well as for energy storage and other applications. The pyrolyzate material comprises microporous carbon derived from low cost naturally-occurring carbohydrate source material such as polysaccharides. In adsorbent applications, the carbon pyrolyzate may for example be produced in a particulate form or a monolithic form, having high density and high pore volume to maximize gas storage and delivery, with the pore size distribution of the carbon pyrolyzate adsorbent being tunable via activation conditions to optimize storage capacity and delivery for specific gases of interest.

A product may include a storage vessel that may define a first port opening into the storage vessel, and that may define a second port opening into the storage vessel. A first fill conduit may be connected to the storage vessel at the first port. A second fill conduit may be connected to the storage vessel at the second port. A control mechanism may be connected with the first and second fill conduits. A supply conduit may be connected to the control mechanism. The control mechanism may provide a flow path from the supply conduit to at least one of the first or second fill conduits to fill the storage vessel.

Embodiments provide a method of storing a compound using a metal organic framework (MOF). The method includes contacting one or more MOFs with a fluid and sorbing one or more compounds, such as O2 and CH4. O2 and CH4 can be sorbed simultaneously or in series. The metal organic framework can be an M-soc-MOF, wherein M can include aluminum, iron, gallium, indium, vanadium, chromium, titanium, or scandium.

A fuel gas storage tank is disclosed that can store fuel gas, such as natural gas or hydrogen, in a solid state. The fuel gas storage tank includes a shell having a tank interior, a fuel gas storage material housed within the tank interior, one or more fuel gas injecting tubes, and one or more fuel gas collecting tubes. Each of the fuel gas injecting tube(s) and the fuel gas collecting tube(s) is permeable to fuel gas and is disposed in the tank interior and surrounded by the fuel gas storage material. And, within the tank interior, the one or more fuel gas injecting tubes and the one or more fuel gas collecting tubes are not directly connected to one another.

The present invention provides a method of incorporating a gaseous hydrocarbon into a liquid hydrocarbon. The method comprises steps of exposing a gaseous hydrocarbon to non-thermal plasma generated using a reduced electric field with an E/N ratio in a range of from about 10 to about 30 Td to activate the gaseous hydrocarbon, and contacting the activated gaseous hydrocarbon with the liquid hydrocarbon to incorporate the gaseous hydrocarbon into the liquid hydrocarbon. The method provides the advantages of low energy consumption and relatively low capital expenditure.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods where an adsorption-based modularized gas storage system is integrated with existing off-network gas distribution pipelines, which can increase the system reliability and robustness for delivering gas. The modularized gas storage system is placed downstream of a natural gas producing well and upstream of a gas-based power plant. The modularized gas storage system can increase the capacity of the overall network, which can allow the pipeline network to absorb the fluctuations in gas demand with little if any need to adjust gas production rate and/or while sacrificing little if any survival time. The storage system can also release the stored gas in the case of an urgent need for gas (e.g., due to a shutdown of a natural gas producing well) to satisfy a desired survival time.

This group of inventions relates to gas industry, in particular, to land storage of natural gas, and it may be used for storage, distribution and supply of natural gas, methane or associated petroleum gas, regardless of geological and geographic characteristics of the complex location. Complex of strategic land storage provides for energy efficient and safe storage, distribution and supply of natural gas, methane and/or associated petroleum gas in the adsorbed condition within a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Method for adsorptive storage of natural gas, methane in the complex for land adsorptive storage of natural gas includes offtake of natural gas from a gas source, its treatment including purification from solid inclusions and foreign admixtures, and treatment of microporous adsorbent in the high-pressure tank of the land gas adsorptive storage module, further filling of the gas storage unit with purified gas directly from the gas source through the natural gas treatment unit until the gas source pressure is achieved, and then, through the natural gas compression unit, until the gas storage pressure of 3-10 MPa is achieved.

A natural gas storage facility for reducing effects of diurnal demand on a natural gas source is disclosed. The natural gas storage facility includes a guard bed system that has a heavy natural gas component storage capacity and that is operable to remove impurities from introduced natural gas, to selectively separate the introduced natural gas into a heavy natural gas component and a light natural gas component, to retain the heavy natural gas component and to release the heavy natural gas component and an adsorption bed system that fluidly couples to the guard bed system, that has a light natural gas component storage capacity, that contains a light natural gas adsorbent that is a microporous material, and that is operable to retain the light natural gas component using the light natural gas adsorbent and to release the light natural gas component from the light natural gas adsorbent.