A ship includes: a boil-off gas heat exchanger which is installed on a downstream of a storage tank and heat-exchanges a compressed boil-off gas (a first fluid) by a boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant to cool the boil-off gas; a compressor installed on a downstream of the boil-off gas heat exchanger and compresses a part of the boil-off gas from the storage tank; an extra compressor which is installed on a downstream of the boil-off gas heat exchanger and in parallel with the compressor and compresses the other part of the boil-off gas from the storage tank; a refrigerant heat exchanger which additionally cools the first fluid; and a refrigerant decompressing device which expands a second fluid, which is sent to the refrigerant heat exchanger, and then sends the second fluid back to the refrigerant heat exchanger.

A ship including a liquefied gas storage tank includes: first and second compressors which compresse a boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank; a boost compressor which compresses one part of the boil-off gas that is compressed by at least any one of the first compressor and/or the second compressor; a first heat exchanger which heat exchanges the boil-off gas compressed by the boost compressor and the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; a refrigerant decompressing device which expands the other part of the boil-off gas that is compressed by at least any one of the first compressor and/or the second compressor; a second heat exchanger which cools, by a fluid expanded by the refrigerant decompressing device as a refrigerant; and an additional compressor which is compresses the refrigerant that passes through the refrigerant decompressing device and second heat exchanger.

An apparatus, system and method for capture, utilization and sendout of latent heat in boil off gas (BOG) onboard a cryogenic storage vessel is described. A liquefied gas vessel comprises a cryogenic cargo tank onboard a liquefied gas vessel, the cargo tank comprising a liquefied gas and a BOG, a latent heat exchanger fluidly coupled to a stream of the liquefied gas and a stream of the BOG, wherein the latent heat exchanger transfers a heat between the BOG stream and the liquefied gas stream to produce a condensed BOG, means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream to obtain a combined stream, the means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream fluidly coupled to the latent heat exchanger, and a liquefied gas regasifier onboard the vessel and fluidly coupled to the combined stream, wherein the liquefied gas regasifier regasifies the combined stream.

A system for reliquefying a boil off gas generated in a storage tank includes a first compressor compressing a partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as fluid a) of boil off gas discharged from the storage tank, a second compressor compressing another partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as fluid b) of boil off gas discharged from the storage tank, a second expanding unit expanding a partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as fluid c) of a flow formed as the fluid a and the fluid b join, a heat-exchanger cooling another partial amount (hereinafter, referred to as fluid d) of the flow formed as the fluid a and the fluid b join, and a first expanding unit expanding the fluid d cooled by the heat-exchanger, wherein the heat-exchanger heat-exchanges the fluid d with the fluid c as a coolant expanded by the second expanding unit to cool the fluid d.

An apparatus, system and method for capture, utilization and sendout of latent heat in boil off gas (BOG) onboard a cryogenic storage vessel is described. A liquefied gas vessel comprises a cryogenic cargo tank onboard a liquefied gas vessel, the cargo tank comprising a liquefied gas and a BOG, a latent heat exchanger fluidly coupled to a stream of the liquefied gas and a stream of the BOG, wherein the latent heat exchanger transfers a heat between the BOG stream and the liquefied gas stream to produce a condensed BOG, means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream to obtain a combined stream, the means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream fluidly coupled to the latent heat exchanger, and a liquefied gas regasifier onboard the vessel and fluidly coupled to the combined stream, wherein the liquefied gas regasifier regasifies the combined stream.

Disclosed is a liquefied natural gas storage apparatus. The apparatus includes a heat insulated tank and liquefied natural gas contained in the tank. The tank has heat insulation sufficient to maintain liquefied natural gas therein such that most of the liquefied natural gas stays in liquid. The contained liquefied natural gas has a vapor pressure from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar. The apparatus further includes a safety valve configured to release a part of liquefied natural gas contained in the tank when a vapor pressure of liquefied natural gas within the tank becomes higher than a cut-off pressure. The cut-off pressure is from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar.

Disclosed is a liquefied natural gas storage apparatus. The apparatus includes a heat insulated tank and liquefied natural gas contained in the tank. The tank has heat insulation sufficient to maintain liquefied natural gas therein such that most of the liquefied natural gas stays in liquid. The contained liquefied natural gas has a vapor pressure from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar. The apparatus further includes a safety valve configured to release a part of liquefied natural gas contained in the tank when a vapor pressure of liquefied natural gas within the tank becomes higher than a cut-off pressure. The cut-off pressure is from about 0.3 bar to about 2 bar.

Heat is transferred from a first portion of liquid hydrogen to a flow of a heat transfer fluid at a first heat exchanger through heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid to produce a flow of vaporized hydrogen and a warmed flow of heat transfer fluid. The flow of vaporized hydrogen is combined with a second portion of liquid hydrogen in amounts designed to produce a combined flow with a desired temperature, the combined flow being used to fill one or more buffer vessels. Heat is also transferred at a second heat exchanger from a stream of pressurized hydrogen from the at least one buffer vessel to the cooled flow of heat transfer fluid to produce a cooled flow of pressurized hydrogen that is used to fill tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles.

Heat is transferred from a first portion of liquid hydrogen to a flow of a heat transfer fluid at a first heat exchanger through heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid to produce a flow of vaporized hydrogen and a warmed flow of heat transfer fluid. The flow of vaporized hydrogen is combined with a second portion of liquid hydrogen in amounts designed to produce a combined flow with a desired temperature, the combined flow being used to fill one or more buffer vessels. Heat is also transferred at a second heat exchanger from a stream of pressurized hydrogen from the at least one buffer vessel to the cooled flow of heat transfer fluid to produce a cooled flow of pressurized hydrogen that is used to fill tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles.

Control system and method for controlling state of hydrogen charge in hydrogen storage system in a vehicle to prevent hydrogen boil-off losses. The control system obtains information about predetermined stop duration and location for vehicle; obtains information on required hydrogen usage for reaching predetermined stop location from a current location of the vehicle; obtains information on a maximum hydrogen level of the hydrogen storage system to prevent hydrogen boil-off losses when the vehicle reaches the predetermined stop location and the stop duration starts; and generates a control signal for controlling the state of hydrogen charge of the hydrogen storage system based on a current hydrogen level in the hydrogen storage system when the vehicle is at the current location, the required hydrogen usage for reaching the predetermined stop location and the maximum hydrogen level of the hydrogen storage system to prevent hydrogen boil-off losses.