A correlation relationship between a pipeline pumped-in Normal Flow Rate (NFR) value, a pipeline diameter and a pipeline pressure is determined. A matrix including values of pipeline flow rate, pipeline diameters and pipeline pressures is developed. The matrix is provided as an input to a dispersion model to obtain multiple lower flammable limit (LFL) downwind distance. A pipeline Rupture Exposure Radius (RER) value is determined based on the obtained LFL downwind distance, and the determined RER value is expressed as a function of the pipeline diameter and the pipeline pressure.

Pipeline segments can contain cables, such as communication cables (e.g., fiber optic cables) within insulation material surrounding the pipeline segments. Cables can be embedded within the insulation material, run through conduits embedded within the insulation material, placed in channels formed in the insulation material, or otherwise. Channels containing one or more cables can be filled with supplemental insulation material, thus securing the cables within the channels. Pipelines created as disclosed herein can enable data transfer between distant points without the need to lay fiber optic cable in addition to the pipeline. Further, fiber optic cable embedded thusly can be used to sense conditions in the pipeline, such as leaks, seismic activity, strain, and temperature information.

Pipeline segments can contain cables, such as communication cables (e.g., fiber optic cables) within insulation material surrounding the pipeline segments. Cables can be embedded within the insulation material, run through conduits embedded within the insulation material, placed in channels formed in the insulation material, or otherwise. Channels containing one or more cables can be filled with supplemental insulation material, thus securing the cables within the channels. Pipelines created as disclosed herein can enable data transfer between distant points without the need to lay fiber optic cable in addition to the pipeline. Further, fiber optic cable embedded thusly can be used to sense conditions in the pipeline, such as leaks, seismic activity, strain, and temperature information.

Implementations are described for maintaining helium/air mixture within a tube in an evacuated tube transportation system. A first implementation includes a set of helium tanks uniformly fitted along the tube length, where helium is injected with controlled valves that open or close to maintain the desired level of helium. An operations control center (OCC) receives helium concentration levels in the tube and instructs a controller in the tube to release helium into the tube when detected levels of helium is lower than the desired level of helium. Another implementation is described where a capsule traversing the tube may have a source of helium gas that can be released into the tube. A hybrid approach is also described where helium can be released from a source within the tube and from another source within the capsule.

A system for transporting fluid generated by a wind turbine includes at least one wind turbine for generating electrical power, wherein the wind turbine includes a fluid producing unit configured for generating a fluid by using the generated electrical power, a fluid pipeline system coupled to the wind turbine for transporting the generated fluid, and a pressure control system coupled to the fluid pipeline system for controlling the fluid flow of the fluid in the pipeline system. The pipeline system includes a transporting pipeline and a connection pipeline, wherein the connection pipeline is coupled to the wind turbine and the connection pipeline such that the fluid is transportable from the wind turbine to the transporting pipeline via the connection pipeline.

A system for transporting fluid generated by a wind turbine includes at least one wind turbine for generating electrical power, wherein the wind turbine includes a fluid producing unit configured for generating a fluid by using the generated electrical power, a fluid pipeline system coupled to the wind turbine for transporting the generated fluid, and a pressure control system coupled to the fluid pipeline system for controlling the fluid flow of the fluid in the pipeline system. The pipeline system includes a transporting pipeline and a connection pipeline, wherein the connection pipeline is coupled to the wind turbine and the connection pipeline such that the fluid is transportable from the wind turbine to the transporting pipeline via the connection pipeline.

A system for supplying combustion gas to a turbine engine for fracturing operation by fracturing manifold equipment is disclosed. The system may include a gas supply device, a gas delivery manifold, a filtering device, a gas detecting system and a connecting device. The gas delivery manifold, and the filtering device, and the gas detecting system are integrated on the fracturing manifold equipment. The gas supply device is connected to the gas delivery manifold through the filtering device. The gas delivery manifold supplies gas to the turbine engine through the connecting device. The disclosed system help reduce operational risk, save floor space, reduce wiring/routing of on-site delivery manifold, enhance connection efficiency, and reduce the complexity of wellsite installation.

A system for supplying combustion gas to a turbine engine for fracturing operation by fracturing manifold equipment is disclosed. The system may include a gas supply device, a gas delivery manifold, a filtering device, a gas detecting system and a connecting device. The gas delivery manifold, and the filtering device, and the gas detecting system are integrated on the fracturing manifold equipment. The gas supply device is connected to the gas delivery manifold through the filtering device. The gas delivery manifold supplies gas to the turbine engine through the connecting device. The disclosed system help reduce operational risk, save floor space, reduce wiring/routing of on-site delivery manifold, enhance connection efficiency, and reduce the complexity of wellsite installation.

The present invention relates to a heater suitable for heating a flow of natural gas. There is provided a heater (1) suitable for heating a flow of natural gas, comprising a vessel (2) containing a heat transfer fluid, a heat source tube (3) passing through the vessel and being at least partially immersed in the heat transfer fluid, the heat source tube (3) being suppliable with heated gas to allow the heated gas to flow along the heat source tube (3) to evaporate the heat transfer fluid and at least one heat exchanger being connectable to a source of second fluid (9) to be heated, the heat exchanger being arranged so that the second fluid can be heated by the evaporated heat transfer fluid.

The present invention relates to a heater suitable for heating a flow of natural gas. There is provided a heater (1) suitable for heating a flow of natural gas, comprising a vessel (2) containing a heat transfer fluid, a heat source tube (3) passing through the vessel and being at least partially immersed in the heat transfer fluid, the heat source tube (3) being suppliable with heated gas to allow the heated gas to flow along the heat source tube (3) to evaporate the heat transfer fluid and at least one heat exchanger being connectable to a source of second fluid (9) to be heated, the heat exchanger being arranged so that the second fluid can be heated by the evaporated heat transfer fluid.