The invention is directed to systems and methods for the recycling of lithium ion batteries or the like. The system methods include comminution and destruction of used batteries, controlling the explosive reaction of the battery components during processing, and processing the materials into a suitable form for sampling and recycling.

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for treating a waste substance containing perfluoro- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The method includes combining the PFAS with a first amendment in a reactor to create a combination, heating and pressurizing the combination to hydrothermal conditions, and holding the combination at hydrothermal conditions for a holding time sufficient to at least partially mineralize the PFAS to create a treated combination.

Disclosed herein are methods and systems for treating a waste substance containing perfluoro- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The method includes combining the PFAS with a first amendment in a reactor to create a combination, heating and pressurizing the combination to hydrothermal conditions, and holding the combination at hydrothermal conditions for a holding time sufficient to at least partially mineralize the PFAS to create a treated combination.

A treatment method for resource recycling of hexavalent chromium-containing residues is provided. This method comprises steps as follows: 1) adding water to the hexavalent chromium-containing residues and mixing uniformly; 2) adding mineralizers to a solution obtained in step 1) and stirring sufficiently to obtain a mixed liquid; and the mineralizers are sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate and hydrochloric acid; 3) treating the mixed liquid by a hydrothermal method or direct heating; 4) after the heating treatment, naturally cooling a solid-liquid mixture to room temperature for holding; 5) separating solid residues and a chromium-containing supernatant, and washing filtered residues with water and then drying; and 6) recycling a chromium-containing solution for returning to a work section, or for a treatment of recycling chromium.

The present invention relates to a method for decomposing polyfluorocarboxylic acids, characterized in that a mixture containing polyfluorocarboxylic acids, water, and a basic compound is heated.

A PFAS detoxification system 1 includes a concentrator 11 configured to concentrate a waste liquid containing PFAS, discharged from a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus 100; a sulfuric acid processing tub 12 configured to decompose and evaporate a concentrated liquid concentrated by the concentrator 11 with a liquid containing concentrated sulfuric acid; and a cooling apparatus 13 configured to liquefy and collect a gas evaporated by the sulfuric acid processing tub 12.

A PFAS detoxification system 1 includes a concentrator 11 configured to concentrate a waste liquid containing PFAS, discharged from a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus 100; a sulfuric acid processing tub 12 configured to decompose and evaporate a concentrated liquid concentrated by the concentrator 11 with a liquid containing concentrated sulfuric acid; and a cooling apparatus 13 configured to liquefy and collect a gas evaporated by the sulfuric acid processing tub 12.

The method for detoxifying asbestos disclosed here includes: preparing an asbestos-containing substance that contains at least one type of asbestos; preparing an asbestos treatment agent that contains a mineral acid and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; and bringing the asbestos-containing substance into contact with the asbestos treatment agent so as to detoxify asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance. Due to this configuration, asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance can be favorably detoxified.

The method for detoxifying asbestos disclosed here includes: preparing an asbestos-containing substance that contains at least one type of asbestos; preparing an asbestos treatment agent that contains a mineral acid and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; and bringing the asbestos-containing substance into contact with the asbestos treatment agent so as to detoxify asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance. Due to this configuration, asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance can be favorably detoxified.

The method for detoxifying asbestos disclosed here includes: preparing an asbestos-containing substance that contains at least one type of asbestos; preparing an asbestos treatment agent that contains a mineral acid, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and a fluoride; and bringing the asbestos-containing substance into contact with the asbestos treatment agent so as to detoxify asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance. Due to this configuration, asbestos in the asbestos-containing substance can be favorably detoxified.