A composition for decomposing pharmaceutically active agents, comprises up to 30 wt. % oxidizer; and up to 30 wt. % immobilizer; wherein the wt. % is based on a total weight of the composition.

A composition for decomposing pharmaceutically active agents, comprises up to 30 wt. % oxidizer; and up to 30 wt. % immobilizer; wherein the wt. % is based on a total weight of the composition.

An ozone cleaning system includes a first chamber, a second chamber coupled to the first chamber, and a utility assembly disposed within the second chamber. The utility assembly includes an ozone generator configured to provide ozone to the first chamber, a humidifying unit configured to provide water vapor to the first chamber, and a blower configured to at least one of (i) reduce air pressure within the first chamber or (ii) draw the ozone from the first chamber following a decontamination process.

An ozone cleaning system includes a first chamber, a second chamber coupled to the first chamber, and a utility assembly disposed within the second chamber. The utility assembly includes an ozone generator configured to provide ozone to the first chamber, a humidifying unit configured to provide water vapor to the first chamber, and a blower configured to at least one of (i) reduce air pressure within the first chamber or (ii) draw the ozone from the first chamber following a decontamination process.

A method for decontamination of a toxic substance is disclosed. The method includes fabricating a plurality of nanomotors, and putting the plurality of nanomotors in contact with a contaminant solution comprising the toxic substance. Fabricating the plurality of nanomotors includes preparing a mesoporous silica template, forming the plurality of nanomotors within the mesoporous silica template, and separating the plurality of nanomotors from the mesoporous silica template. The mesoporous silica template includes a plurality of channels, where each channel of the plurality of channels have a diameter less than about 50 nm and a length of less than about 100 nm, and each nanomotor of the plurality of nanomotors is formed within a channel of the plurality of channels. Putting the plurality of nanomotors in contact with the contaminant solution includes adding hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2) and the plurality of nanomotors to the contaminant solution.

A method for decontamination of a toxic substance is disclosed. The method includes fabricating a plurality of nanomotors, and putting the plurality of nanomotors in contact with a contaminant solution comprising the toxic substance. Fabricating the plurality of nanomotors includes preparing a mesoporous silica template, forming the plurality of nanomotors within the mesoporous silica template, and separating the plurality of nanomotors from the mesoporous silica template. The mesoporous silica template includes a plurality of channels, where each channel of the plurality of channels have a diameter less than about 50 nm and a length of less than about 100 nm, and each nanomotor of the plurality of nanomotors is formed within a channel of the plurality of channels. Putting the plurality of nanomotors in contact with the contaminant solution includes adding hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2) and the plurality of nanomotors to the contaminant solution.

Rose Bengal for detecting a presence of chemical warfare agents. A method of detecting presence of a chemical warfare agent and includes applying a quinoid form of Rose Bengal to a substrate. When the substrate is exposed to the chemical warfare agent, a lactone form of Rose Bengal is spectrally observed because presence of the chemical warfare agent converts the quinoid form to the lactone form of Rose Bengal.

Rose Bengal for detecting a presence of chemical warfare agents. A method of detecting presence of a chemical warfare agent and includes applying a quinoid form of Rose Bengal to a substrate. When the substrate is exposed to the chemical warfare agent, a lactone form of Rose Bengal is spectrally observed because presence of the chemical warfare agent converts the quinoid form to the lactone form of Rose Bengal.

An apparatus for the destruction of a precursor material includes a steam plasma reactor having a high temperature zone and a combustion zone. The high temperature zone is adapted for hydrolyzing the precursor material, whereas the combustion zone is adapted to effect medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream where combustion oxygen or air is injected. A quenching unit is provided at an exit end of the reactor for quenching a resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products.

An apparatus for the destruction of a precursor material includes a steam plasma reactor having a high temperature zone and a combustion zone. The high temperature zone is adapted for hydrolyzing the precursor material, whereas the combustion zone is adapted to effect medium temperature oxidation of the reactant stream where combustion oxygen or air is injected. A quenching unit is provided at an exit end of the reactor for quenching a resulting gas stream to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products.