A light fixture includes a light source, a wavelength-conversion material, and a reflector. The light source is configured to emit a first radiation, and has a front surface and a back surface. The wavelength-conversion material is arranged under the front surface and configured to convert the first radiation to a second radiation which has a first portion not able to reach the reflector and a second portion able to reach the reflector. The reflector is arranged over the back surface and configured to reflect the second portion away from the light source without passing through the wavelength-conversion material. The reflector has an end distant from the light source and is arranged in an elevation different from that of the wavelength-conversion material.

A system of lenses for projecting at least one light source includes from the source and in the direction of propagation of the light, at least one first group of optical elements made up of at least one first convergent lens called primary lens, in contact with said light source, obtained from a material exhibiting a high constringence and exhibiting a ratio between its thickness along the optical axis and its width greater than 0.5. Also included in said direction of propagation is a second group of optical elements made up of at least one divergent lens obtained from a material exhibiting a low constringence, a pupil, and a third group of optical elements made up of a reflector or of at least one convergent lens obtained from a material exhibiting a high constringence.

A lamp includes an extended planar light source, and an optical element arranged with the light source, wherein the optical element comprises an outer surface having an indented cusp substantially over the light source. A lamp includes an extended planar light source, and an optical element arranged with the light source, wherein the optical element comprises an outer surface having a portion at a peripheral edge comprising a curvature configured to redirect light emitted from the light source by total internal reflection.

A cover for a light source for use in a lamp or luminaire. An outer surface of the cover, opposite the light source, comprises a rounded shape and includes a protrusion extending from the cover. The protrusion extends substantially in a light emission direction and is shaped the protrusion to direct light emitted from the light source in a desired direction.

A lightguide functioning as a luminaire. The luminaire includes at least one solid state light source, such as an LED, and a lightguide configured to receive light from the solid state light source. Light from the light source is coupled into the lightguide and transported within it by total internal reflection until the light exits the lightguide. A shape of the lightguide causes and directs extraction of the light, and can also be used to create a particular pattern of the extracted light. Such shapes include linear wedges and twisted wedges. Optical films can be included on the light input and output surfaces of the lightguide.

A lighting apparatus including a base is provided. The base includes a through-hole. The through-hole is aligned with an optical path of laser light for receiving and transmitting the laser light. A light emitter which, when irradiated with the laser light transmitted through the through-hole, radiates light by converting a wavelength of the laser light. An attachment component is provided on the base for attachment of the light emitter to the base. The light emitter is removable from the base. A light blocker opens the optical path of the laser light by being contacted by the light emitter when the light emitter is attached to the base, and blocks the optical path of the laser light when the light emitter is removed from the base.

A light module (1) serves for inserting into a housing (23) of a semiconductor lamp (24) and comprises: a driver (2), a cooling element (10), a light generator (15), abutting the cooling element, with at least one semiconductor light source (17), which is electrically connected with the driver (2), and an optical refraction element (18) covering the at least one semiconductor light source, wherein the refraction element is fastened on the cooling element and presses the light generator (15) onto the cooling element. A semiconductor lamp (24) comprises a housing open at the front into which the light module is inserted from the front side and on which the light module is fastened. A method serves for producing a semiconductor lamp, wherein at least the driver, the cooling element, the light generator and the refraction element are assembled into an individually manageable light module and the light module is then inserted into a housing. The invention is also applicable to replacement or retrofit lamps, in particular with a pin base, particularly a bipin base, e.g. to retrofit lamps for replacing halogen lamps, for example of the type MR16.

A retrofit lamp (1) comprises a heat sink (8), a light source module (10) with a circuit board (11), whose rear side lies two-dimensionally on the heat sink (8) and at the front side of which at least one semiconductor light source (12) is arranged, and a ring (6) partially covering the front side of the light source module (10), wherein the ring (6) presses the light source module (10) onto the heat sink (8). A method serves for producing a retrofit lamp (1), wherein the rear side of the circuit board (11) of the light source module (10) is laid on the heat sink (8) and the ring (6) is put on the retrofit lamp (1) from the front such that it presses the light source module (10) onto the heat sink (8). The invention is particularly applicable to LED retrofit lamps for replacing conventional light bulbs or halogen lamps.

A wavelength conversion member, comprising a wavelength conversion layer that comprises a phosphor and a light scattering material, and satisfying at least one of the following (1) or (2): (1) the wavelength conversion member has a diffusion transmittance of 50% or less and the wavelength conversion layer having a thickness of 100 μm or less; or (2) a content of the light scattering material in a total wavelength conversion layer is 2.0% by mass or more.

A solid state lamp includes a connector and a bulb portion with multiple strips.