Provided are a light-emitting apparatus that can suppress manufacturing cost to a low level and perform light emission with high uniformity using a simple configuration, a calibration coefficient calculation method using the light-emitting apparatus, and a method for calibrating a captured image of an inspection target object. A plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged at equal intervals on the circumference of a virtual circle, and a milky white-colored emission window, which is provided on a top surface portion separated from the light-emitting diodes, has an outer edge that is smaller than the circumference on which the light-emitting diodes are arranged, and allows light of the light-emitting diodes to pass therethrough, are included. The diameter of the virtual circle on which the light-emitting diodes are arranged and a separation distance between the light-emitting diodes and the emission window are set to predetermined distances.

The (LED or-and Laser) light source for bulb or light device such as garden light that has at least one of or more than one optics-lens, and light device has one top cover having shape of flat or ½ ball, ⅔ ball, sphere, dome shape for top cover. Foe laser light source incorporate with flat top protective lens and laser film or grating film to enlarge or created plurality of image, lighted patterns. For LED light source can has project assembly which is a built-in or add-on or assembled inside of said light device. Further can incorporated flexible bendable arms to change position, direction, orientation of (LED or-and Laser) light beam. The said Light device also can offer near-by and far-away illumination, or-and lighted image, pattern projection with desired light effects by rotating optic-lens or LED(s). It also can get desired effects while LED(s) controlled by IC or circuitry making LED(s) for color changing or on-off on desired time, duration, cycles. The light device further can have more than one function selected from USB charger, power failure, RF remote control, Infra-red controller, blue-tooth, wifi, internet, App software, motion sensor and wireless with multiple-way communication. Also, light device may have rechargeable circuit, batteries or rechargeable battery, USB ports for the (LED or-and Laser)-bulb be charged or supply other device current.

Lighting systems, methods, and devices for protecting human circadian neuroendocrine function during night use are described. Suitable lighting conditions can be provided for a working environment while protecting the circadian neuroendocrine systems of those occupying the illuminated workplace during the night. Lighting systems, methods, and devices can provide substantive attenuation of the pathologic circadian disruption in night workers. Lighting systems, methods, and devices can attenuate the specific bands of light implicated in circadian disruption. LED lighting systems, methods, and devices can provide increased intensity at a different portion of the spectrum than conventional LEDs, providing a useable white light even when unfavorable portions of the wavelength are attenuated by a notch filter. LED lighting systems, methods, and devices can switch between a daytime configuration and a night time configuration, wherein the daytime configuration provides unfiltered light and the night time configuration provides filtered light.

Described is an interface (10) for a control device having a front face (11) and a rear face (12) and comprising a plurality of layers grouped in a covering assembly (13) and a tactile assembly (14) extending between the front face (11) and the rear face (12); The covering assembly (13) comprises, in sequence:—a protective layer (15) having the front face (11); —a masking layer (16) which directly or indirectly covers a second face of the protective layer (15). The said tactile assembly (14) comprises—an operative layer (17) with sensitive pads (19) reactive to touch and permeable to light, transparent or perforated; —a matrix layer (21), opaque and equipped with shaped portions (23) which are either permeable to light or transparent or perforated and aligned with the sensitive pads (19). The sensitive pads (19) and/or the shaped portions (23) are configured to form signs (B) designed to generate luminous symbols visible after backlighting of the interface (10). The masking layer (16) has a permeability to light such that the signs (B) are not visible through said masking layer (16) when said front face (11) is illuminated by a light radiation resulting in a luminance not exceeding 4000 lx and the interface (10) is not backlit.

Described is an interface (10) for a control device having a front face (11) and a rear face (12) and comprising a plurality of layers grouped in a covering assembly (13) and a tactile assembly (14) extending between the front face (11) and the rear face (12); The covering assembly (13) comprises, in sequence:—a protective layer (15) having the front face (11); —a masking layer (16) which directly or indirectly covers a second face of the protective layer (15). The said tactile assembly (14) comprises—an operative layer (17) with sensitive pads (19) reactive to touch and permeable to light, transparent or perforated; —a matrix layer (21), opaque and equipped with shaped portions (23) which are either permeable to light or transparent or perforated and aligned with the sensitive pads (19). The sensitive pads (19) and/or the shaped portions (23) are configured to form signs (B) designed to generate luminous symbols visible after backlighting of the interface (10). The masking layer (16) has a permeability to light such that the signs (B) are not visible through said masking layer (16) when said front face (11) is illuminated by a light radiation resulting in a luminance not exceeding 4000 lx and the interface (10) is not backlit.

An illuminated walking assistance apparatus is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, the apparatus provides an elongated staff having a ground-engaging tip portion at a first end and a handle at an opposing second end. The staff provides a light pipe positioned proximal the tip portion and having a light-emitting member disposed therein to selectively illuminate the ground proximal the tip portion. The staff further provides a red nightlight which is always on so as to facilitate locating the apparatus in a dark environment.

A lighting unit, configured and adapted for illuminating subjects for photography and filming, has a connecting element that comprises, on the one hand, plug-in locations configured and adapted to receive at least two light sources, and, on the other hand, contacts configured and adapted to be connected to a generator, the contacts being electrically connected to the plug-in locations. At least two light sources are inserted into the plug-in locations. A substantially transparent protective cover is connected to the connecting element and at least partially encloses each of the light sources connected to the connecting element. One light source is designed as an HMI (Hydrargyrum Medium-Arc Iodide) light and the at least one other light source is designed as a flash tube. A lighting device including a lighting unit, and a reflector assembly with a lighting device, are also disclosed.

A broadband light-emitting device is composed of a substrate, a solid light source that is installed on a front face of the substrate and emits light at an upper face thereof, a near-infrared fluorescent material disposed in direct contact with the front face of the substrate in the vicinity of the solid light source, and a visible light fluorescent material disposed on a region ranging from the upper face of the solid light source to an upper face of the near-infrared fluorescent material. Besides, the near-infrared fluorescent material contains fluorescent particles exhibiting fluorescence in a near-infrared wavelength band with a peak wavelength of 700 nm and a wavelength width at half maximum of 100 nm or greater.

A broadband light-emitting device is composed of a substrate, a solid light source that is installed on a front face of the substrate and emits light at an upper face thereof, a near-infrared fluorescent material disposed in direct contact with the front face of the substrate in the vicinity of the solid light source, and a visible light fluorescent material disposed on a region ranging from the upper face of the solid light source to an upper face of the near-infrared fluorescent material. Besides, the near-infrared fluorescent material contains fluorescent particles exhibiting fluorescence in a near-infrared wavelength band with a peak wavelength of 700 nm and a wavelength width at half maximum of 100 nm or greater.

A white light generating device, for generating white light from an excitation light of a laser light having a wavelength of from 280 nm-495 nm, includes a fluorescent body generating a fluorescence having a wavelength longer than a wavelength of the excitation light. The fluorescent body includes an emission-side end surface emitting excitation light and fluorescence, an opposing end surface on an opposite side of the emission-side end surface, and an outer peripheral surface. The emission-side end surface has an area larger than an area of the opposing end surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the fluorescent body includes a part inclined with respect to a central axis of the fluorescent body by from 3.4°-23° over an entire periphery of the fluorescent body. The emission-side end surface has an area of from 0.3 mm.sup.2-1.52 mm.sup.2.