Described herein are electronic devices that includes a display stack having a cover component atop a lightguide component and a display component below the lightguide component. In some instances, the cover component including an antiglare etching applied to a top surface of a coverglass and a touch pattern applied to a bottom surface of the coverglass. In some cases, an optically clear adhesive layer formed from two types of optically clear adhesive may be located between the cover component and the lightguide component and a ring adhesive may be applied to around an outer edge of the cover component, the optically clear adhesive and the lightguide component.

A selection device (2) for a beverage preparation machine (1), comprises a fixed selection element (3) and a mobile selection element (4), the fixed selection element (3) comprising a set of marks (33) each corresponding to a parameter value, the mobile selection element (4) being movable in relation to the set of marks (33) for selecting a parameter value by positioning the mobile selection element (4) in visual association with a selected mark (33.sub.X). The selection device (2) further comprises a light-sending layer which is disposed in the fixed selection device (3), a polarization layer for polarizing said sent light, and at least one polarization modifying layer able to modify the polarization of the polarised light such that the visual aspect of a selected mark (33.sub.X) is modified when the mobile selection element (4) is positioned in visual association with the selected mark (33.sub.X), the polarization modifying layer being disposed in superposition relative to the polarization layer and relative to the selected mark (33.sub.X).

A lighting apparatus including a light generating device and at least one light wavelength conversion element and also at least one light directing means is provided. The light generating device and the at least one light directing means are configured in such a way that linearly polarized light is generated and directed from different directions to the at least one light wavelength conversion element, such that the linearly polarized light impinges on a surface of the at least one light wavelength conversion element from different directions in each case at an angle of incidence which corresponds to a Brewster angle, wherein the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the plane of incidence thereof.

A lighting apparatus including a light generating device and at least one light wavelength conversion element and also at least one light directing means is provided. The light generating device and the at least one light directing means are configured in such a way that linearly polarized light is generated and directed from different directions to the at least one light wavelength conversion element, such that the linearly polarized light impinges on a surface of the at least one light wavelength conversion element from different directions in each case at an angle of incidence which corresponds to a Brewster angle, wherein the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the plane of incidence thereof.

A composition for a polarization film including: a transparent resin having a boiling point of greater than or equal to 130° C.; and a dichroic dye represented by Chemical Formula 1, ##STR00001##

A cured-film formation composition that includes: (A) one or more compounds having a photo-aligning group and hydroxy group, etc.; (B) a polymer having at least one substituent from the group of a hydroxy group, carboxy group, amino group, and alkoxysilyl group, and the like; and (C) a cross-linking agent. Component (A) contains a compound having a group of Formula [1] below as the photo-aligning group: ##STR00001##
where A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are independently a hydrogen atom or methyl group; and A.sup.3 is a hydroxy group. A cured-film is formed from the cured-film formation composition, and orientation material is formed by use of photo-alignment technique. A retardation material is obtained by applying a polymerizable liquid crystal on the orientation material and curing it.

A luminaire (500) comprising a linearly polarized light source (200) and a collimating reflector (301) arranged to collimate light from the light source towards an optical axis OA. The reflective inner surface of the reflector comprises at least one set of grooves (306), or four spaced zones of grooves, which each extend in a respective plane including the optical axis. Each groove comprises two flat side surfaces to cause light from the light source to undergo a double reflection in the groove, to avoid rotation of each beamlet and thus to reduce loss of imaging of the source. This partly preserves the linear polarization of the source, for use in reducing glare in displays or from lights on the road, or enhancing sparkle for illuminating jewellery.

A luminaire (500) comprising a linearly polarized light source (200) and a collimating reflector (301) arranged to collimate light from the light source towards an optical axis OA. The reflective inner surface of the reflector comprises at least one set of grooves (306), or four spaced zones of grooves, which each extend in a respective plane including the optical axis. Each groove comprises two flat side surfaces to cause light from the light source to undergo a double reflection in the groove, to avoid rotation of each beamlet and thus to reduce loss of imaging of the source. This partly preserves the linear polarization of the source, for use in reducing glare in displays or from lights on the road, or enhancing sparkle for illuminating jewellery.

A light-emitting device comprises a layered structure between a first layer and a second layer. The first first layer has a refractive index n1 for first light having a wavelength λ.sub.a in air. The second layer has a refractive index n2 for the first light. The layered structure comprises: a photoluminescent layer having a first surface facing the first layer and a second surface facing the second layer; and a surface structure disposed on at least one selected from the group consisting of the first surface and the second surface of the photoluminescent layer. The refractive index n1 and the refractive index n2 are lower than a refractive index n.sub.wav-a of the photoluminescent layer for the first light. The layered structure has an effective thickness to more strongly emit TE polarized light than TM polarized light.

A light-emitting device comprises a layered structure between a first layer and a second layer. The first first layer has a refractive index n1 for first light having a wavelength λ.sub.a in air. The second layer has a refractive index n2 for the first light. The layered structure comprises: a photoluminescent layer having a first surface facing the first layer and a second surface facing the second layer; and a surface structure disposed on at least one selected from the group consisting of the first surface and the second surface of the photoluminescent layer. The refractive index n1 and the refractive index n2 are lower than a refractive index n.sub.wav-a of the photoluminescent layer for the first light. The layered structure has an effective thickness to more strongly emit TE polarized light than TM polarized light.