Systems and methods for geothermal power generation using a closed-loop of liquid having low boiling temperature. A system for generating electricity includes: a storage tank to store a specific liquid, which has a boiling point of under 90 degrees Celsius; a closed-loop pipe sub-system, which penetrates underground to a depth of between 1,000 to 2,500 meters, and transports therein the specific liquid downwardly underground and then upwardly back towards ground level, and causes at least a portion of the specific liquid to boil underground due to proximity to a natural geothermal heat source; at least one turbine associated with an electric power generator, connected above ground level to the closed-loop pipe sub-system, to receive steam that results in from underground boiling of the specific liquid, to pass the steam through the turbine, and to generate electric power through the electric power generator

The present invention is a method for vaporizing concentrate that will substantially eliminate general or localized burning of concentrate during the vaporization process and a device adapted for carrying out said method. The vaporization method is based on heating concentrate that has been absorbed into a frit, preferably fitted glass. Fritted glass is characterized by open-pore interstices that allow free passage of fluid through the frit. It is commonly used as a filtering element, particularly in high-temperature applications. It was discovered that concentrate placed in contact with fitted glass is absorbed through capillary action. Although room temperature concentrate may not readily seep fully into fritted glass, as concentrate is heated its viscosity is reduced such that it is readily absorbed by the fitted glass.

The present invention is a method for vaporizing concentrate that will substantially eliminate general or localized burning of concentrate during the vaporization process and a device adapted for carrying out said method. The vaporization method is based on heating concentrate that has been absorbed into a frit, preferably fitted glass. Fritted glass is characterized by open-pore interstices that allow free passage of fluid through the frit. It is commonly used as a filtering element, particularly in high-temperature applications. It was discovered that concentrate placed in contact with fitted glass is absorbed through capillary action. Although room temperature concentrate may not readily seep fully into fritted glass, as concentrate is heated its viscosity is reduced such that it is readily absorbed by the fitted glass.

The present invention is a method for vaporizing concentrate that will substantially eliminate general or localized burning of concentrate during the vaporization process and a device adapted for carrying out said method. The vaporization method is based on heating concentrate that has been absorbed into a frit, preferably fitted glass. Fritted glass is characterized by open-pore interstices that allow free passage of fluid through the frit. It is commonly used as a filtering element, particularly in high-temperature applications. It was discovered that concentrate placed in contact with fitted glass is absorbed through capillary action. Although room temperature concentrate may not readily seep fully into fritted glass, as concentrate is heated its viscosity is reduced such that it is readily absorbed by the fitted glass.

The present invention is a method for vaporizing concentrate that will substantially eliminate general or localized burning of concentrate during the vaporization process and a device adapted for carrying out said method. The vaporization method is based on heating concentrate that has been absorbed into a frit, preferably fitted glass. Fritted glass is characterized by open-pore interstices that allow free passage of fluid through the frit. It is commonly used as a filtering element, particularly in high-temperature applications. It was discovered that concentrate placed in contact with fitted glass is absorbed through capillary action. Although room temperature concentrate may not readily seep fully into fritted glass, as concentrate is heated its viscosity is reduced such that it is readily absorbed by the fitted glass.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system, method, and apparatus comprising a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. A CONVAPORATOR Unit (CU) can be fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator. The CU can be configured to route the saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through a condenser portion of the CU via a condenser side steam conduit and can be configured to condense the super-heated steam or saturated steam to form a condensate. A separation tank and water return system can be fluidly coupled to a condenser side condensate conduit of the condenser portion of the CU. The separation tank and water return system can be configured to separate the combustion exhaust constituents from the condensate. An evaporator portion of the CU can be fluidly coupled with the separation tank and water return system via an evaporator side condensate conduit. The evaporator portion can be configured to evaporate the condensate from the separation tank and water return system via heat transfer between the condenser portion and evaporator portion to form steam. A turbine can be fluidly coupled with the evaporator portion of the CU via an evaporator side steam conduit.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system, method, and apparatus comprising a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. A CONVAPORATOR Unit (CU) can be fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator. The CU can be configured to route the saturated steam or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through a condenser portion of the CU via a condenser side steam conduit and can be configured to condense the super-heated steam or saturated steam to form a condensate. A separation tank and water return system can be fluidly coupled to a condenser side condensate conduit of the condenser portion of the CU. The separation tank and water return system can be configured to separate the combustion exhaust constituents from the condensate. An evaporator portion of the CU can be fluidly coupled with the separation tank and water return system via an evaporator side condensate conduit. The evaporator portion can be configured to evaporate the condensate from the separation tank and water return system via heat transfer between the condenser portion and evaporator portion to form steam. A turbine can be fluidly coupled with the evaporator portion of the CU via an evaporator side steam conduit.

Flowing a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid through a heat exchanger network thermally coupled to heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant, and transferring heat from the heat sources to the first buffer fluid and the second buffer fluid. Generating power via a first sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network and generating potable water from brackish water via a second sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network.

Flowing a first buffer fluid and a second buffer fluid through a heat exchanger network thermally coupled to heat sources of a Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) fractionation plant, and transferring heat from the heat sources to the first buffer fluid and the second buffer fluid. Generating power via a first sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network and generating potable water from brackish water via a second sub-system thermally coupled to the heat exchanger network.

In order to make it possible to accurately detect the liquid level of a liquid material in a container, a vaporization device is adapted to include: a container 10 that contains a liquid material X; a heater 30 that heats the liquid material X in the container 10; and a liquid level sensor 20 that detects the liquid level of the liquid material in the container 10, in which when viewing the inside of the container 10 from above, a vaporization region S1 in which the liquid material X is vaporized, and a liquid level stable region S2 different from the vaporization region S1 are configured to be formed, and the liquid level sensor 20 detects the liquid level of the liquid material X in the liquid level stable region S2.