Disclosed is a training system for providing fitness training to a user riding an e-bike. The training system includes a motor system attached to a rear wheel of the e-bike and a detachable training stand for raising the rear wheel from the ground to allow the user to ride in various terrain modes from a stationary position. The motor system includes a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, an axle, a memory unit configured in the stator assembly to store set of instructions and plurality of terrain modes for riding the e-bike, and a bi-directional communication unit attached to the stator assembly for receiving terrain modes and other commands over the communication network. The motor system further includes a processing unit coupled to the memory unit and configured in the stator assembly for processing the set of instructions to: receive the terrain mode for setting the motor system over the communication network through the bi-directional communication unit in real time and change the motor quadrant of operation in the real time depending upon the received terrain mode. The motor system further includes a free-hub assembly attached to the rotor assembly, a free-hub spacer rotates proportionally with the pedaling speed of the user, free-hub produces a pattern for sensing pedaling speed and pedaling direction and a magnetic sensor configured on the axle for processing the pattern of pedaling speed and pedaling direction received from the free-hub magnets. The processing unit processes the information from the magnetic sensor to derive the power generated by the user during pedaling.

An exercise machine includes a cyclical actuator and a mechanical energy storage device. Connective structure operatively connects the cyclical actuator to the mechanical energy storage device. Motion of the cyclical actuator urges physical motion of and energy storage in the mechanical energy storage device. The exercise machine further includes an electric machine. A communication pathway enables exchange of data between multiple associated exercise machines such that multiple associated operators on multiple associated exercise machines have a common experience.

A treadmill includes a treadmill frame having a front end and a rear end opposite the front end; a front running belt pulley coupled to the treadmill frame at or near the front end; a rear running belt pulley coupled to the treadmill frame at or near the rear end; a running belt disposed about the front and rear running belt pulleys, the running belt adapted for rotation about the front and rear running belt pulleys and defining a non-planar running surface; and a brake coupled to the running belt and adapted to selectively restrict the speed of rotation of the running belt depending upon an established limit for the speed of the running belt.

A therapeutic and exercise device includes a frame; a hand crank coupled to the frame which is rotatably movable by a user, the hand crank coupled to a vertically oriented rail such that the hand crank is adjustable in a vertical plane fore and aft relative to a support surface for the therapeutic and exercise device; a foot crank coupled to the frame which is rotatably movable by the user, the foot crank coupled to a horizontally oriented rail such that the foot crank is adjustable in a horizontal plane; and a brake coupled to the frame and to at least one of the hand crank or the foot crank, the brake configured to selectively apply a braking force to said at least one of the hand crank or the foot crank to resist rotational movement of the at least one of the hand crank or the foot crank.

A composite motion exercise machine includes a control panel which provides a plurality of movement modes and allows a user to issue a command to change the configuration of linkage units of the exercise machine to have the machine perform a movement mode without manual adjustment, so that the pedal of each linkage unit can be moved along a closed trajectory. The control panel also allows the user to finely adjust the trajectory and the resistance associated therewith. The trajectory performed by each pedal of the exercise machine is ergonomic so that the user can be protected from exercise injury.

A manually powered treadmill includes a frame; a plurality of bearings coupled to the frame; a running belt at least partially supported by the plurality of bearings and adapted for rotational movement relative to the frame, the running belt having a running surface, at least a portion of which is curved; a braking system configured to selectively resist the rotational movement of the running belt; and a safety device coupled to the frame, wherein the safety device is structured to substantially prevent rotation of the running belt in a first direction and substantially permit rotation of the running belt in a second direction, opposite the first direction.

A manually operated treadmill is provided that includes a frame having a front end and a rear end positioned opposite the front end; a front shaft rotatably coupled to the frame proximate the front end; a rear shaft rotatably coupled to the frame proximate the rear end; a plurality of bearings coupled to the frame; a running belt supported by the plurality of bearings, wherein the running belt includes a curved running surface; and a safety device coupled to at least one of the front shaft and the rear shaft, wherein the safety device is structured to substantially prevent rotation of at least one of the front shaft and the rear shaft in a first rotational direction while permitting rotation of the at least one of the front shaft and the rear shaft in a second rotational direction opposite the first rotational direction.

A wearable device such as a garment is disclosed, having at least one resistance element at a motion segment such as a hip or knee. The garment includes at least one sensor, for sensing a parameter. Electronics are provided for processing the sensed parameter, and for providing feedback. Feedback may be in the form of proprioceptive tactile or audible feedback, or in the form of an adjustment of a performance parameter of the wearable device. In one implementation, resistance to movement of the wearer is adjusted up or down in response to changes in power output by the wearer.

a resistance adjustable power generator having: an operating unit that receives commands of a user and is able to switch the resistance adjustable power generator to either a release mode or a resistance mode; a resistance generating unit that receive the commands from the operating unit and provides adjustable multiple levels of resistance to a connecting device, with the resistance generating unit having a resistance controlling center, multiple resistance generator, and an output controlling center; and a battery electrically connects to the resistance generating unit.

A resistance apparatus may include a drive circuitry. A resistance apparatus may include a motor. A resistance apparatus may include an electronic resistance element. A resistance apparatus may include a resistance insertion manner for decoupling the motor from the drive circuitry. A resistance apparatus may include a manner for delivering a minimum motor current approximately equivalent to an undriven system user-experienced resistance.