A muscle training device includes a flat plate for a user to board and a main body that is attachable to, and detachable from, the flat plate. The main body includes a base portion, an elastic body provided on the base portion, and a string having a first end portion connected to the elastic body, and a second end portion positioned on a side opposite to the first end portion. The elastic body is configured to apply, to the string, an elastic force that acts against a tensile force when the second end portion is pulled.

An information related to the position of an actuator coupled to a cable which is coupled to a motor is received. A filter is used to provide an input to a motor controller coupled to the motor, to adjust torque on the motor such that a strength curve is implemented relative to the position of the actuator.

An information related to the position of an actuator coupled to a cable which is coupled to a motor is received. A filter is used to provide an input to a motor controller coupled to the motor, to adjust torque on the motor such that a strength curve is implemented relative to the position of the actuator.

A paddling action simulating exerciser in the form of a kayaking trainer that includes pole, a cord that extends along the pole and linearly displaceably passes therethrough, a hollow spacer that extends between a seating facility and an anchoring layout including a cord guiding layout via which the free ends of the cord are secured to a spring. A multi-directionally adjustable footplate facility that includes an upright foot abutment plate fitted with a heel rest and a toe strap is fitted along the spacer. The spacer, seating facility, leg, footplate facility and guiding layout in constituting a trainer core assembly are laterally rockable by way of rocking formations fitting along slots.

A paddling action simulating exerciser in the form of a kayaking trainer that includes pole, a cord that extends along the pole and linearly displaceably passes therethrough, a hollow spacer that extends between a seating facility and an anchoring layout including a cord guiding layout via which the free ends of the cord are secured to a spring. A multi-directionally adjustable footplate facility that includes an upright foot abutment plate fitted with a heel rest and a toe strap is fitted along the spacer. The spacer, seating facility, leg, footplate facility and guiding layout in constituting a trainer core assembly are laterally rockable by way of rocking formations fitting along slots.

A pulley training system including a pulley wheel and a pulley housing, configured to receive a cord over the pulley wheel, and including one or more support attachment points. A radial pulley lock for use with a training pulley system. A sliding knot enclosure for use with a training pulley system. A training pulley system adapted for use with one or more of a variety of types of pulley cords, and with rope adjuster mechanisms to operate with such types of pulley cords.

An exercise pen includes an elongated body having an elongated upper body and an elongated lower body where a lower end of the upper body and an upper end of the lower body can be releasably coupled together, and a resistance tube extending within lumens of said upper and lower bodies, the resistance tube having a first end coupled to a lower portion of the lower body and a second end, opposite the first end, coupled to an upper portion of the upper body. A method of exercising using the exercise pen includes decoupling the upper body from the lower body; and stretching the resistance tube by moving the upper body away from the lower body. Other embodiments, including an exercise kit having different resistance tubes of different moduli of elasticity are disclosed.

An exercise pen includes an elongated body having an elongated upper body and an elongated lower body where a lower end of the upper body and an upper end of the lower body can be releasably coupled together, and a resistance tube extending within lumens of said upper and lower bodies, the resistance tube having a first end coupled to a lower portion of the lower body and a second end, opposite the first end, coupled to an upper portion of the upper body. A method of exercising using the exercise pen includes decoupling the upper body from the lower body; and stretching the resistance tube by moving the upper body away from the lower body. Other embodiments, including an exercise kit having different resistance tubes of different moduli of elasticity are disclosed.

A damping device includes a casing structure, a retarding mechanism, a driving mechanism, a restoring mechanism and a resistance mechanism. An accommodating space is formed in the casing structure to accommodate the retarding mechanism, and a through hole and a hollow-out hole are formed at wall surfaces of two opposite sides of the accommodating space respectively. The retarding mechanism has a main shaft passed through out of the through hole, and a retarding shaft acting simultaneously with the main shaft. The driving mechanism has a wire wheel fastened on the main shaft. The restoring mechanism has a restoring wheel fastened on the wire wheel. The resistance mechanism has a metal element fastened on the retarding shaft, and a magnetic part is disposed between the metal element and the hollow-out hole, and an interval is formed between the magnetic part and the metal element.

A damping device includes a casing structure, a retarding mechanism, a driving mechanism, a restoring mechanism and a resistance mechanism. An accommodating space is formed in the casing structure to accommodate the retarding mechanism, and a through hole and a hollow-out hole are formed at wall surfaces of two opposite sides of the accommodating space respectively. The retarding mechanism has a main shaft passed through out of the through hole, and a retarding shaft acting simultaneously with the main shaft. The driving mechanism has a wire wheel fastened on the main shaft. The restoring mechanism has a restoring wheel fastened on the wire wheel. The resistance mechanism has a metal element fastened on the retarding shaft, and a magnetic part is disposed between the metal element and the hollow-out hole, and an interval is formed between the magnetic part and the metal element.