A swirler includes a swirler body defining a longitudinal axis. A stack of swirler plates is assembled to the swirler body stacked in a direction along the longitudinal axis. Each of the swirl plates defines a vane portion. The swirler plates are mounted rotated circumferentially about the longitudinal axis relative to neighboring ones of the swirler plates so the vane portions form a swirler vane.

A burner barrel includes a concentric multi-tubular structure, formed by pipes and at the end downstream the burner barrel is provided a burner tip in which various nozzles to inject fuel and primary air are perforated. The burner tip includes at least one series of nozzles intended to inject an external air flow; a second series of nozzles intended to inject tangential air flow; and a third series of apertures intended to inject the fuel and transport air. The ends downstream of the first and second burner pipes are joined and define a continuous external annular surface of the burner tip. The nozzles are arranged within an inscribed area, being the dimension of the nozzles limited by a rate between the open area A of the nozzles and the complementary closed area A.

A swirler, such as for swirling air in a fuel injector of a gas turbine engine, includes a swirler body with opposed inlet and outlet ends with a swirler wall extending therebetween along a longitudinal axis. The inlet end of the swirler body defines an inlet opening. A plurality of swirl slots is defined through a portion of the swirler wall that converges toward the longitudinal axis in a direction from the inlet opening toward the outlet end of the swirler body. The swirl slots are radially off-set with respect to the longitudinal axis for imparting swirl on a flow passing from the inlet opening, through the swirl slots, and past the outlet end of the swirler body.

Disclosed is an apparatus for combusting recyclable or waste material. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical combustion chamber. The chamber comprises a first inlet in a side wall. The first inlet is in communication with a blower and an ignition means. The chamber also comprises a second inlet in a first end wall or a side wall. The second inlet is in communication with a source of recyclable or waste material. The chamber also comprises an outlet in a second end wall on a central axis of the chamber. The longitudinal axis of the first inlet is offset from the central axis of the chamber. In use, the blower forces the recyclable or waste material to circulate around the inside of the chamber.

A combustor for a gas turbine, having a pre-combustion chamber having a peripheral wall around a center axis of the pre-combustion chamber, the peripheral wall has an inner panel and an outer panel and a passage provided between the inner and the outer panels, a swirler which is connected to the pre-combustion chamber for providing pre-combustion chamber with a flow of an oxidant gas, at least a pilot fuel injector, wherein the swirler is connected to the peripheral wall in such a way that a portion of the oxidant gas from the swirler is channeled to the passage, and the pilot fuel injector is connected to the passage for injecting a flow of pilot fuel into the passage.

A swirler, such as for swirling air in a fuel injector of a gas turbine engine, includes a swirler body with opposed inlet and outlet ends with a swirler wall extending therebetween along a longitudinal axis. The inlet end of the swirler body defines an inlet opening. A plurality of swirl slots is defined through a portion of the swirler wall that converges toward the longitudinal axis in a direction from the inlet opening toward the outlet end of the swirler body. The swirl slots are radially off-set with respect to the longitudinal axis for imparting swirl on a flow passing from the inlet opening, through the swirl slots, and past the outlet end of the swirler body.

An example of the combustion engine includes a central chimney having a bottom end located adjacent a combustible fuel mixture of water and alcohol. A turbine has a top side with top side hole positioned around the chimney. A generally conical turbine insulator is positioned above the turbine and around the chimney. A generally conical deflector positioned above the insulator and around a top end of the chimney. The generally conical deflector is inverted relative to the generally conical turbine insulator.

Provided are a burner such as a concentrate burner, a calcine burner, or a matte burner, or a burner using a mixture of these for feeding reaction gas and fine solids into a reaction shaft of a suspension smelting furnace, and a fine solids feeding apparatus for a burner such as a concentrate burner, a calcine burner, or a matte burner, or a burner using a mixture of these. The fine solids feeding apparatus comprises gas outlets in a fine solids discharge channel upstream of a downstream outlet end of the fine solids discharge channel. The gas outlets comprise spiral path guiding members configured to facilitate gas to flow from the gas outlets in a spiral flow path around a center axis A of the fine solids discharge channel.

In some aspects, a gas turbine combustor assembly is arranged around a longitudinal axis. The gas turbine combustor comprises a first fuel/air mixer assembly, the mixer assembly comprising a first fuel injector and a plurality of first mixer elements, each mixer element defining an air flow passage therethrough having an outlet in a first plane. A second fuel/air mixer assembly comprises a second fuel injector and a plurality of second mixer elements, and each second mixer element defines an air flow passage therethrough having an outlet in a second plane, longitudinally offset from the first plane.

A cylindrical furnace having a vertical axis controls combustion. Solid fuel, particulates, and gases inside the furnace rotate around the axis, inducing radial stratification using centrifugal forces. Fuel and particulates drag on the wall of the cylinder, slipping in and out of suspension, thereby increasing particle residence times. The solid particles comprise combustible fuel particles, and non-combustible ash and contaminants. Control of the temperature of non-combustible particles and the wall surface prevents these non-combustible particles from adhering to, and building up on, the furnace wall. It is also advantageous to control the gas temperature leaving the furnace to minimize temperature-driven corrosion of downstream heat-exchange surfaces. Method and apparatuses are described to control the gas, non-combustible particle, and wall temperatures. The furnace can be integrated into a stand-alone boiler or as a combustor in which a portion of the pyrolysis gas from the combusting fuel is burned in a separate vessel.