The pyrolysis apparatus includes a fluid bed furnace (1), a first partition wall (11) dividing inside of the fluid bed furnace (1) into a pyrolysis chamber (4) and a combustion chamber (5), a second partition wall (12) dividing the combustion chamber (5) into a main combustion chamber (6) and a settling combustion chamber (7), a first gas diffuser (15), a second gas diffuser (25), and a third gas diffuser (35) configured to supply a first fluidizing gas, a second fluidizing gas, and a third fluidizing gas to the pyrolysis chamber (4), the main combustion chamber (6), and the settling combustion chamber (7), respectively, a first raw-material supply device (71) configured to supply a first raw material to the pyrolysis chamber (4) with a first supply amount, a second raw-material supply device (72) configured to supply a second raw material to the pyrolysis chamber (4) with a second supply amount, and an operation controller (200) configured to independently control operations of the first raw-material supply device (71) and the second raw-material supply device (72).

The invention discloses partial conversion of a hydrocarbon fuel to CO and H.sub.2 within a heat exchanger reformer, prior to injection of the fuel into fuel reactor of a chemical looping combustion system, including reforming portion of the fuel used for the chemical looping combustion system in the heat exchange reformer through reaction with steam and/or other suitable gas, or reforming portion of the fuel used for the chemical looping combustion system in the heat exchange reformer through reaction with recycled flue gas. The invention further discloses the use of recycled flue gas, without the use of a heat exchange reformer prior to injection of the fuel into the fuel reactor of a chemical looping combustion system.

Various aspects provide for a fluidized bed reactor comprising a container having a bed of bed solids and a splashgenerator configured to impart a directed momentum to a portion of the bed solids. A bedwall may separate the bed solids into first and second reaction zones, and the directed momentum may be used to transfer bed solids from one zone to the other. A return passage may provide for return of the transferred bed solids, providing for circulation between the zones. A compact circulating bubbling fluidized bed may be integrated with a reactor having first and second stages, each with its own fluidization gas and ambient. A multistage reactor may comprise a gaswall separating at least the gas phases above two different portions of the bed. A gaslock beneath the gaswall may provide reduced gas transport while allowing bed transport, reducing contamination.

A reactor system and control method. The method includes feeding solid fuel and oxygen containing gas to a first fluidized bed reactor to form a fluidized bed of particles and combusting a first portion of the fuel in the bed with the oxygen containing gas to generate hot bed particles and a first stream of hot flue gas, conveying the first stream to the flue gas channel, transferring hot bed particles including a second portion of the solid fuel at a predetermined hot particles transfer rate from the first reactor to a second fluidized bed reactor, feeding fluidizing gas to the second reactor to form a second fluidized bed, and transferring bed particles from the second reactor to the first. The method includes first and second operation modes. In the first, the fluidizing gas is oxygen containing gas and, in the second, the gas includes steam, CO.sub.2, or inert gas.