The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.

The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.

The present disclosure includes air spinners for use in duct burners, and duct burners and duct burner kits including a plurality of air spinners. Air spinners may include a plurality of blades extending radially outward from a fuel path and configured to impart rotation to air flowing between the blades, where the air spinner is configured to be coupled to a fuel runner of a duct burner such that the air spinner encircles a fuel outlet of the fuel runner with the axis of the fuel path extending at a non-parallel angle from an axis of the fuel runner. Duct burners can comprise a plurality of air spinners coupled to a plurality of fuel runners. Duct burner kits can comprise a plurality of air spinners configured to be coupled (e.g., without welding) to a plurality of fuel runners.

According to an embodiment, a fired heater includes a fuel and combustion air source configured to output fuel and combustion air into a combustion volume, the combustion volume including a combustion volume wall defining a lateral extent separate from an exterior volume. According to an embodiment, the fired heater includes a boiler heater and the combustion volume wall comprises a combustion pipe defining a lateral extent of the combustion volume, the combustion pipe being disposed to separate the combustion volume from a water and steam volume. The fired heater includes a mixing tube aligned to receive the fuel and combustion air from the fuel and combustion air source. The mixing tube may be separated from the combustion volume wall by a separation volume. The fired heater includes a bluff body flame holder aligned to receive a fuel and combustion air mixture from an outlet end of the mixing tube. The bluff body flame holder may be configured to hold a combustion reaction for heating a combustion volume wall. The combustion volume wall may include a combustion pipe. The combustion pipe may be configured to heat the water in the water and steam volume.

A high temperature combustion device is provided that is configured to enable dynamic changes in the combustion environment to provide neutral, oxidizing, or reducing combustion environments. The device may include a blast tube and an air blower configured to motivate air through the blast tube. A nozzle for atomizing a fuel, such as vegetable oil, and more preferably waste vegetable oil, may be disposed in the blast tube. A fuel pump may be configured to motivate the fuel to exit the nozzle. An air supply line may be in fluid communication with the nozzle and may be configured to supply high-pressure air to the nozzle. The high-pressure air may exit the nozzle with the fuel in a first direction, and air motivated through the blast tube by the air blower may pass around the nozzle in a second direction that is substantially parallel to the first direction.

An implosion reactor tube is provided, including: a receptacle body having a tube shape open at a first end; a cylinder positioned within the receptacle body; a mixing chamber at a second end of the receptacle body; the mixing chamber defined by a baffle; the baffle having a plurality of inner passages proximate to the cylinder allowing fluid passage through the baffle and a plurality of outer passages proximate to the receptacle body allowing passage of air and fuel through said baffle; a fuel and air inlet for allowing the air and fuel to enter the mixing chamber; and a flash igniter for igniting the air and fuel.

According to an embodiment, a fired heater includes a fuel and combustion air source configured to output fuel and combustion air into a combustion volume, the combustion volume including a combustion volume wall defining a lateral extent separate from an exterior volume. According to an embodiment, the fired heater includes a boiler heater and the combustion volume wall comprises a combustion pipe defining a lateral extent of the combustion volume, the combustion pipe being disposed to separate the combustion volume from a water and steam volume. The fired heater includes a mixing tube aligned to receive the fuel and combustion air from the fuel and combustion air source. The mixing tube may be separated from the combustion volume wall by a separation volume. The fired heater includes a bluff body flame holder aligned to receive a fuel and combustion air mixture from an outlet end of the mixing tube. The bluff body flame holder may be configured to hold a combustion reaction for heating a combustion volume wall. The combustion volume wall may include a combustion pipe. The combustion pipe may be configured to heat the water in the water and steam volume.

Disclosed is a system and method for the combustion of biomass material employing a swirling fluidized bed combustion (SFBC) chamber, and preferably a second stage combustion carried out in a cyclone separator. In the combustion chamber, primary air is introduced from a bottom air box that fluidizes the bed material and fuel, and staged secondary air is introduced in the tangential direction and at varied vertical positions in the combustion chamber so as to cause the materials in the combustion chamber (i.e., the mixture of air and particles) to swirl. The secondary air injection can have a significant effect on the air-fuel particle flow in the combustion chamber, and more particularly strengthens the swirling flow, promotes axial recirculation, increases particle mass fluxes in the combustion chamber, and retains more fuel particles in the combustion chamber. This process increases the residence time of the particle flow. The turbulent flow of the fuel particles and air is well mixed and mostly burned in the combustion chamber, with any unburned waste and particles being directed to the cyclone separator, where such unburned waste and particles are burned completely, and flying ash is divided and collected in a container connected to the cyclone separator, while dioxin production is significantly minimized if not altogether eliminated. A Stirling engine along with cooling system and engine control box is integrated with the SFBC chamber to produce electricity from the waste combustion process. Residual heat in the flue gas may be captured after the combustion chamber and directed to a fuel feeder to first dry the biomass. System exhaust is directed to a twisted tube-based shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) and may produce hot water for space heating.

A gas burner for burning a gas with a low calorific value. The gas burner may be for burning a synthesis gas issuing from the gasification of biomass.

This is an upright heater igniting combustible gas to induce a naturally aspirated flame within a glass tube. Air channels producing the naturally aspirated flame enters the glass tube in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the flame thus creating a twirling flame. Heat waves generated by the twirling flame within a glass tube rises to a heat concentrator and projected onto a parabolic heat shield thus reflecting the heat wave radially downward and outward.